tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-83950102692382562822024-03-17T23:01:32.215-04:00Durham Council of Garden ClubsThe Durham Council of Garden Clubs was founded in 1929 in federation with the National Garden Club and The Garden Club of North Carolina, Inc.
The Council served more than eight decades as the umbrella group for garden clubs and junior garden clubs in Durham, NC. Today, Durham Garden Clubs continue the same mission of philanthropic projects of preservation, conservation, education and beautification under District 9 of the Garden Clubs of NC.Heritage Garden Clubhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412005920929418492noreply@blogger.comBlogger874125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-19354490706149357152018-02-06T19:29:00.001-05:002018-02-06T19:30:07.977-05:00<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Durham's official flower: <em>American Hemerocallis.</em></span></td></tr>
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<span abp="24" style="color: black; font-family: "calibri"; language: en-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: +mn-cs; mso-color-index: 1; mso-fareast-font-family: +mn-ea; mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><em>The Durham Council of Garden Clubs officially disbanded in 2017. H<span abp="21" style="color: black; font-family: "calibri"; language: en-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: +mn-cs; mso-color-index: 1; mso-fareast-font-family: +mn-ea; mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;"><span abp="24" style="color: black; font-family: "calibri"; language: en-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: +mn-cs; mso-color-index: 1; mso-fareast-font-family: +mn-ea; mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><em>owever, the individual garden clubs featured in this blog are still alive and
thriving in the Durham community.</em></span></span></span></em></span></span></span></div>
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<span abp="27" style="color: black; font-family: "calibri"; language: en-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: +mn-cs; mso-color-index: 1; mso-fareast-font-family: +mn-ea; mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;"><span abp="189" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><em>If you have questions regarding joining or reaching
them, please contact The Garden Club of North Carolina, Inc.
</em></span><a abp="190" href="http://www.gardenclubofnc.org/"><span abp="191" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><em>http://www.gardenclubofnc.org/
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-41071724523945736442018-01-01T12:37:00.001-05:002018-01-01T14:02:29.285-05:00Member Profile: Marcia Loudon, Graphic Artist, Historian, Herbalist <table abp="627" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: center;"><tbody abp="628">
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<span abp="634" style="font-size: small;">Marcia Loudon as former First Lady Dolley Madison.</span></div>
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Anyone can put on a theme party, but few can execute the over-the-top spectaculars that Marcia Loudon can.</div>
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Loudon, the District 9 Director for The Garden Club of North Carolina, Inc., has been making her mark on event planning with wild abandon like no other Piedmont garden club woman of the past decade. Her State (GCNC) meetings, District 9 meetings and Durham Council of Garden Club Joint Meetings overwhelm the senses with gorgeous decorations, tables laden with beautiful favors and goodies to take home, characters in costume wandering to greet all guests, attendants in audacious head fascinators, slates of highly educational and entertaining speakers, and much more, all of which are orchestrated by an ebullient ringleader with an infectious giggle.</div>
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Loudon, however, will be the last to claim credit for any of it. “Marcia’s Army” as it is known by members of the Durham garden clubs, is largely comprised of her Heritage Garden Club sisters: Jean Gurtner, Martha Sanderford and Pat Cashwell (profiled Feb. 2017). Jean and Martha have donned a number a silly costumes from Alice in Wonderland and the timekeeping rabbit, to a fully helmeted beekeeper, to Eliza and Olaf the Snowman from the Disney film “Frozen.” Marcia’s Army generously spent countless hours making crafts and floral decorations for meetings under Loudon’s artistic direction. Loudon herself is a graphic artist with a past advertising career with the Durham Herald. Firing up her Mac and losing track of time noodling around with the latest art downloads is first nature.</div>
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For GCNC, Loudon has been the organization’s webmaster since 2012. She has served on the GCNC Finance Committee and Awards Committee, been the District 9 Director and Vice Director, and won several awards for photography submitted for the GCNC calendar. For the Durham Council of Garden Clubs she was Historian four years, Vice President and President (2013-15) during which the Council sponsored a Blue Star Memorial Marker in front of the Durham VA Medical Center, she was a Council Yearbook Editor winning four 1st place awards over the ten years that she was highly involved with its publication, and finally, she created the Council’s Google blog in 2007 and was Editor six years. For the Heritage Garden Club she served as President off and on for six years, was editor of the club’s yearbook and served as its Awards Chair. Loudon is a Lifetime Member of GCNC, the National Garden Club, and South Atlantic Region (SAR) of GCNC.</div>
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<span abp="657" style="font-size: small;">Artist in Charge: a small collection of Loudon's award-winning Yearbooks and other publications from hosted meetings by the Durham Council of Garden Clubs. Loudon baked the bread beehive centerpiece for the 2015 Joint Meeting themed for beekeeping. Loudon has also won awards for her photography used in The Garden Club of North Carolina, Inc. calendar.</span></div>
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Loudon is an Oakland, California native, and creativity is only one of her passions; gardening and preservation history are the others. All three pursuits are richly embroidered on her life’s work of philanthropy. As a member of Durham’s General [William R.] Davie Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR), Loudon’s donned Colonial costume and helped present public programs commemorating historical holidays. Loudon has also been a docent at the Historic Stagville Plantation and the Sarah P. Duke Gardens. Since 2009, she has been giving costumed talks on Colonial herbs to Triangle garden clubs, charter schools, churches and Duke Gardens, sometimes independently and sometimes with members of “Marcia’s Army” from the Heritage Garden Club.</div>
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It was working at the Historic Stagville Plantation in the early 2000s that she was first bitten by the bug to perform educational programs on the Colonial history of women using herbs to gentrify their homes. She recalls sitting in the historic Stagville home one summer and looking at the windows that had no screens. “How did they keep the bugs out? How do you keep the house pleasant and sociable when people did not bathe?” she asked.</div>
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From there she plunged into historical research on the Internet, in medicinal herb books and other sources (always two verified sources) to fashion a public lecture around Stagville wife Mary Amis Bennehan as to how to make household products from nature. (The scientific aspects of her public lecture also put to some use her college studies at the Pharmacy School of Toledo University where she met her late husband Jim.)</div>
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“I think I have more fun doing the research than telling the stories,” she said. Not one to relish public speaking, she said, “That’s drama and trauma. A one-man show is not my style but I love the stories!” <br />
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The Mary Amis herb lecture became known as the Stagville “Mary A. Party” (pun on Mary Kay cosmetics) in which DIY topics included: making natural lotions, making dried herb and floral tussie-mussies to pass over one’s nose to ward off undesirable smells, making rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) sachets to place inside a pillowcase for restorative sleep, constructing herbal garlands to hang around windows to deter insects and create pleasing fragrance; and numerous other prudent medical and cooking tips like adding bay leaves to flour and sugar containers for insect deterent.</div>
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One noted historical herbal use she discusses is the “strewing of herbs” for wooden floor care which was strewing and stomping Artemesia and rosemary onto the planks. “It kept termites and other bugs away. People did not varnish their floors in the old days. Instead the oils from the herbs were used. Historians have found that a lot of the floors that had herb strewing done 200 years ago are still in good shape because of the oils.”</div>
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Uses for lambs ear (Stachys byzantina), she says, is a perennial lecture favorite. “Lambs ear is a neat herb and it has antiseptic and astringent properties.” During her lectures for children at Duke Gardens she tells an anecdote that during the time George Washington was a boy that if little boys would scrape a knuckle during play and need a Band-aid, they simply rolled a lambs ear leaf over the abrasion and tied it with a blade of tall grass. “Another interesting property,” she said, is its light color traps the light of the moon. “In the old days you didn’t have indoor plumbing, you had privies. So you would line the path from the house to the privy with lambs ear so that you could see to get to the privy, but you’d also use it like Charmin and pick a piece up on your way.” </div>
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Always naming scientific compounds was not essential to her programs, she explained. “I didn’t worry about the exact chemical compounds because the kids wouldn’t remember them, but if you use words like astringent and antiseptic, kids have ideas about their effects. “Astringent” helps dry up the wound and tightens the blood vessels so that a cut doesn’t bleed as much; and “antiseptic” helps keep the microbes away…For second graders you keep it simple. And I found that for 62 year-olds you keep it simple, too!” she said laughing. “I didn’t bother taking the biologists from Duke on tour…”</div>
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While the herb lectures began in character as Mary Amis Bennehan, Loudon eventually adapted her role to be the former First Lady Dolley Madison (1809–17). “I talk either about her at Montpelier or at the White House; if it’s Montpelier, it’s about herbs, if the White House, it’s about politics of the time.”</div>
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Loudon’s favorite story of Dolley Madison involves scarlet velvet drapes. After her husband’s inauguration Dolley worked with architect Benjamin Latrobe on decorating the White House (1809-1811), and she insisted on dramatic red velvet drapes for a state room. Later, during the 1814 British attack on Washington, she is reported to have used the scarlet drapes to wrap silver and china and pack them into a trunk when fleeing the White House. Over a century later after a niece descendant died, the trunk went to auction and was purchased by the Greensboro Historical Society for $500, in part since Madison was a Greensboro, North Carolina native. Inside the trunk was a red velvet empire-styled gown that was supposed to have been constructed from the White House drapes. The scarlet dress was exhibited at the Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery in 2012, and replica of it is on display today at the Greensboro History Museum. Loudon said she likes to tease her audiences and propose was this dress evidence of the first Scarlett O’Hara?</div>
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Colonial women, like graphic arts is a tireless subject for Loudon. One of her favorite history sources is the blog “History of American Women” which features short biographies of women from the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. Another favorite resource is the American Gardening History blog in which she discovered the design techniques of Colonial gardener William Faris, a Philadelphian watch-maker who created a strict, geometric backyard garden using boxwood borders to the beds and pathways of crushed brick, oyster shells and stone.</div>
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Combining politics and gardening in today’s lectures made sense, she said, because “I talk about how a public garden was used. They had parks like we have botanical gardens today; the gardens were used politically as well as for entertainment. Men would go walking together and they’d politic each other. So many of the people—because it was an agricultural society—really enjoyed their plants and so they would walk along politicking, and it would keep the blood pressure down,” she laughed.</div>
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A book she’s also found especially helpful in Colonial garden research is “Founding Gardeners: The Revolutionary Generation, Nature, and the Shaping of the American Nation,” authored by <a abp="768" href="https://www.amazon.com/Andrea-Wulf/e/B001HOE9U0/ref=dp_byline_cont_book_1">Andrea Wulf</a> who spoke at Duke Gardens. She said, “You got the color and flavor of the period,” and added, she was giving tours for DAR at Duke Gardens on early public gardens. “We’d walk around Duke Gardens on Constitution Day, Sept. 17, wearing costumes, saying ‘Happy Constitution Day!’ and give out little American flags and historical garden tidbits to the general public. In conjunction, at 4 p.m. the carillonneur would play patriotic tunes at Duke Chapel.”</div>
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Of her work with DAR, “I was trying to tie in my love of plants as well as my love of history.” George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, she noted, both eventually tore out all of the imported European landscaping plants at Mount Vernon and Monticello and replaced them with American varieties. This was their statement in reflecting the aura and personality of America, she said. “They took pride in America and this included their pride in the plant life of their country.”</div>
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Loudon, who lives in Semora, NC, says that she is retiring from giving programs, her last one scheduled in February 2018. But she says, she hears from Triangle garden clubs out of the blue asking her to speak because, “The price is right; free is free. I say I’m done, but I’ll go put my wig on again.”</div>
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<span abp="496" style="font-size: small;">Durham VA chapel decorated with poinsettias<span abp="498" style="font-size: small;"> for the Poinsettias for Veterans Project</span></span></div>
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<span abp="496" style="font-size: small;"><span abp="498" style="font-size: small;"> that <span abp="500" style="font-size: small;">Loudon <span abp="501" style="font-size: small;">created and chaired beginning in 2009.</span></span></span></span></div>
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Loudon says, however, her crowning glory of garden club projects over the years was the creation of the “Poinsettias for Veterans” project she chaired for eight years at the Durham VA Medical Center.</div>
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She tells the story of the time her husband and she were at the VA on Christmas Day in 2008 visiting a friend who was dying of cancer. After seeing the friend, she went to look at the chapel since she had never seen it, and she knew that the District garden clubs participate in the “Blooms for Veterans” project which provides a donated floral arrangement/plant to the chapel throughout their fiscal year.</div>
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“I went into the chapel and saw two of the sickest Charlie Brown poinsettias, and that was it! I said, ‘Lord help me, these Veterans need to have something to honor them,’” adding that the decoration of choice would need to be something that the US government would accept as Christmas but without looking outright Christian; it needed to be more secular in appearance.</div>
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She continued, “I wanted something that didn’t cost a fortune, and to have people honor their own family members and that’s how it came together. This was something that came from the heart and just bubbled up,” she said. She said she then got together with her “Army” over lunch and discuss the marketing and logistics of the project.</div>
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From 2009-2016 the VA chapel poinsettias sales grew to over 115 plants, and some had to be overflowed to other rooms.</div>
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“The only challenge with project is to get people to water the plants! Luckily I loved doing the watering when I lived in Durham. I got to know which club members sponsored a plant, and as I would water and clean the poinsettia, I liked to state a sentiment in remembrance of that serviceman like, ‘Thank you Sam, for serving. I bet you were a neat dad to so-and-so,’ or something personal to each plant, and it cheered the plants up! Whenever you talk to a plant it works. At the end of the day when you’ve taken care of 100 of them it makes you awfully proud of your country and the men who’ve served and kept us safe.”</div>
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Since Loudon moved to Semora, the Poinsettia Project for Veterans has been assumed by the Forest Hills Garden Club. Loudon, however, still has her creative hands busy leading the District 9 garden clubs, managing the GCNC website, participating in DAR events and her church group, and hosting endless other public engagements. Retirement for this passionate herbalist, historian, graphic artist and woman of boundless energy seems very unlikely.</div>
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<span abp="729" style="font-size: large;">References:</span></div>
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<a abp="732" href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&text=Sarah+Garland&search-alias=books&field-author=Sarah+Garland&sort=relevancerank">S. Garland</a> (1993). The Complete Book of Herbs & Spices (revised ed.). Readers Digest.</div>
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<a abp="735" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-legend-of-dolley-madisons-red-velvet-dress-123261186/">https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-legend-of-dolley-madisons-red-velvet-dress-123261186/</a></div>
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<a abp="738" href="http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/">http://www.womenhistoryblog.com</a> </div>
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<a abp="741" href="https://americangardenhistory.blogspot.com/">https://americangardenhistory.blogspot.com/</a></div>
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An. Wulf. (2012). Founding Gardeners: The Revolutionary Generation, Nature, and the Shaping of the American Nation. <a abp="744" href="https://www.bing.com/search?q=new+york+city&filters=ufn%3a%22new+york+city%22+sid%3a%2260d5dc2b-c915-460b-b722-c9e3485499ca%22&FORM=SNAPST">New York, NY</a>: Vintage. </div>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-32130651664241674712017-12-29T08:47:00.001-05:002017-12-29T09:57:44.453-05:00Garden Destinations - Triangle Gardener Sister Resource<div abp="121" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a abp="122" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkc3ETNssx2VYu9MC4FO58hmJNxYrRt1rnX5JjJs7NzbqNydTZ9gjPxZXEgLbzwsy3xFSdK6pzHzckr2SVrNvU_fhpNULUW76SZE9jxCjxpiZhJIJ_A3Q5HpcYIfeY1RiLD12WZKXaFNI/s1600/Garden+Destinations.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img abp="123" border="0" data-original-height="868" data-original-width="1600" height="346" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkc3ETNssx2VYu9MC4FO58hmJNxYrRt1rnX5JjJs7NzbqNydTZ9gjPxZXEgLbzwsy3xFSdK6pzHzckr2SVrNvU_fhpNULUW76SZE9jxCjxpiZhJIJ_A3Q5HpcYIfeY1RiLD12WZKXaFNI/s640/Garden+Destinations.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<strong abp="156"><span abp="157" style="font-size: large;">About Garden Destinations</span></strong></div>
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<em abp="1380">By Beverly Hurley, Publisher</em></div>
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The world is filled with beautiful public gardens and garden destinations waiting to be explored wherever your travels may take you. <em abp="2287"><strong abp="2288">Garden Destinations Magazine</strong></em> is the online magazine for travelers who want to experience these gardens and destinations.</div>
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Whether it’s the showcase garden of the city, the off-the-beaten-path local favorite, or a don’t miss garden event, these public gardens are don’t miss destinations worthy of a visit for both the beauty and experiences offered in each.</div>
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Our writers, tops in travel and garden writing, will guide you on a journey to these unique gardens and garden events, give you insider tips, and help you make plans to include these destinations in your next adventure.
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Beverly Hurley, editor and publisher of <em abp="283">Garden Destinations</em>, is also the editor and publisher of <a abp="284" href="http://www.trianglegardener.com/"><span abp="1406" style="color: #71a33d;">Triangle Gardener</span></a> magazine, North Carolina’s leader in gardening news and information. She started <em abp="285">Garden Destinations</em> as a result of her love of gardening and the realization that she was always seeking out public gardens when she traveled. As a result, she decided to spread the word that visiting public gardens should be part of the travel experience.</div>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-21399615104780691132017-12-29T08:16:00.002-05:002017-12-29T08:46:05.185-05:00Durham Hosts E-Waste Recycling, Paper Shredding & Live Christmas Tree Disposal Event<div abp="185" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Durham residents looking for an easy and free way to recycle electronic waste (e-waste), shred confidential documents, and dispose of their live Christmas trees should attend this City of Durham event next month.<br /><br />The E-Waste Recycling, Paper Shredding, and Live Christmas Tree Disposal event will be on Saturday, January 20 from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. at the Durham County Memorial Stadium on the home side parking lot, located at <a href="https://maps.google.com/?q=750+Stadium+Dr&entry=gmail&source=g">750 Stadium Dr</a>. Staff will be on hand to assist with unloading old electronics, paper, and trees.<br /><br /><strong>E-waste Recycling</strong> <br />Nearly all electronic devices with a cord will be accepted including:<br />• Computers, laptops, keyboards, mice, printers, monitors, speakers, copiers, scanners, circuit boards, hard drives, computer parts, etc.<br />• Televisions, stereo equipment, tape players, receivers, amplifiers, record players, etc.<br />• Kitchen electronics, such as microwaves, mixers, blenders, choppers, etc.<br />• Telephones, cell phones, and fax machines<br />• Hair dryers, curling irons, alarm clocks, and vacuum cleaners<br />• Power tools, cordless tools, etc.<br />• Electronic toys, such as keyboards and video game systems<br />• This event will NOT accept large appliances, refrigerators, air conditioners or any other appliances that contain Freon in non-working condition.<br /><br /><strong>Paper Shredding</strong><br />Confidential paper shredding will also be provided on site. Shredding requirements include:<br />• Paper may contain paper clips and staples; however, hanging file folders will not be accepted. <br />• Only paper should be brought for shredding. CDs, DVDs, and other non-paper items will not be accepted. <br />• All paper should be loose and not in binders or other binding items made of non-paper.<br />• Residents may be present to observe their confidential document shredding if the amount to be shredded can fit into one 96-gallon roll cart (approximately 240 pounds of material or approximately eight small, banker boxes of material).<br />• Participants with larger quantities will have items placed in boxes to be shredded off-site at Shimar Recycling’s secure facility. <br /><br /><strong>Live Christmas Tree Disposal</strong><br />• Trees taller than six feet should be cut in half and not placed in bags. <br />• Remove all decorations and hardware, including tinsel, lights, garland, ornaments, nails, and stands. DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-3490481887608930332017-12-23T08:33:00.002-05:002017-12-23T17:02:07.057-05:00McCown-Mangum House Decked out for Holiday Open House<table abp="1362" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody abp="1363">
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<span abp="1371" style="font-size: small;">The McCown-Mangum House Open House in early December 2017 </span></div>
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<span abp="1373" style="font-size: small;">as decorated by the Durham Croasdaile Garden Club. Photos by the Croasdaile Garden Club.</span></div>
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In 2016, Croasdaile Garden Club accepted the task of decorating the McCown-Mangum House for the “Victorian Christmas: West Point on the Eno” Open House. This December, the garden club continued its new beautification project for 2017.</div>
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The McCown-Mangum House in Durham is a restored 1850’s farmhouse at West Point on the Eno River Park. West Point may be the most persistently relevant site in Durham—a place of importance to Native Americans, early European settlers, and present-day residents of Durham. </div>
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Herbert Sims and his wife Rachel Cabe McCown ran the mill starting in 1817. Her son John Cabe McCown took over the mill after the Civil War and built his Greek revival farmhouse residence at West Point in the 1850’s. In 1891 McCown’s house was sold to Presley J. Mangum, a postmaster and then his son, Hugh Mangum, an early photographer whose families occupied the house until 1968. In the late 60’s, the property and 700 acres along the Eno River were about to be developed into shopping and housing when the Eno River Association parlayed the property into a city park. Eventually, the 1840’s McCown-Mangum house was restored as a museum with period furniture.The first Festival for the Eno was held on July 4, 1980 and has been held every July 4th since.</div>
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When decorating the house, the Durham Department of Parks and Recreation requested that the decorations reflect a true Victorian Christmas. With that mission in mind, we created our original period decorations and used only natural objects or items that might have been available in the 1800’s. Members met at our President’s home and had a great time making handmade period ornaments that would be suitable for the tree and house.</div>
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The fresh Christmas tree was adorned with pine discs with wood-burned or painted designs from fresh wood cut on a member’s lot, raffia bows hand-tied by members, paper chains cut from wall paper borders, candy canes, cookie cutters, tin ornaments and pine cones. We decorated three fireplaces with fresh greenery, pine cones, candles, and holly berries. The stairway was decorated with pine roping and handmade stockings of burlap and lace. Six chests of drawers and tables were dressed with beautiful handmade centerpieces of fresh greenery, candles and fruit. </div>
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In all, we decorated the living room, kitchen, hallway, master bedroom and stairwell.</div>
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The exterior was not left out of our decorating design. The entrance door, front gate posts, and front porch flower boxes all received special Victorian Christmas touches as well. The front door wreaths were made with elaeagnus branches and the following greenery was used throughout the house inside and out: magnolia, elaeagnus, holly berries, white pine, Leland cypress, holly and boxwood. When we were finished the smell of the fresh greenery and the beautiful decorations were all set for the Holiday Open House events on December 3-4 and December 10-11.</div>
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Twenty-two members of the Croasdaile Garden Club donated 82 hours of their time to decorating the McCown-Mangum House in 2017. Many of the materials and decorations were donated by Garden Club Members and cut from their yards.</div>
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The project expenses were taken out of the Garden Club budget each year. Because we created so many decorations by hand our expenses were less than $35. Our funds came from our membership dues and our bi-annual spring auction.</div>
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Besides receiving many positive comments about decorating “the old fashion way” our efforts were also recognized by the local newspaper. The decorations were described in the December 12, 2016 issue of the Herald-Sun in an article entitled “Victorian Christmas: West Point on the Eno recalls Yule-Past at Open House”.</div>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-49064908359043726352017-12-18T22:22:00.000-05:002017-12-18T22:39:33.466-05:00Town & Country Garden Club 2017 Awesome Auction Raises $32K for Durham<div abp="1460">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Awesome! Holiday shoppers at the Town & Country Garden Club </span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">2017 Awesome Auction. Photo by Becky Wood.</span></td></tr>
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Fundraising is the backbone of all non-profit organizations, but some groups really know how to get the cash flowing while having a joyful time. Consider the Town & Country Garden Club of Durham one of those wildly successful and joyful groups.<br />
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While the garden club boasts 60 members, their annual holiday Awesome Auctions brings in three times the attendance and includes women from other Durham garden clubs and also members of the general public. Auction monies are raised in the tens of thousands of dollars, and have been spread throughout Durham for support for projects for the Durham Public Schools Hub Farms, the Museum of Life and Science, scholarships to NC Beautiful, and many other organizations. </div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Garden club members sharing holiday joy. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">Photo by Becky Wood.</span></td></tr>
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Town and Country's 17th Annual Awesome Auction was held Wednesday Nov. 8, 2017, at the Hope Valley Country Club. About 187 attendees came out for the lunch and auction to bid and buy scores of gifts and items. Gross proceeds from the 2017 T&C Awesome Auction totaled $32,000. Garden club members will learn of net proceeds and vote on charitable allocation at their January meeting.</div>
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The Town & Country Garden Club was organized in 1964, and its annual fundraiser started out as a bake sale, raising a charitable profit of <span abp="179" class="m_719671829059804644money">$53. The bake sale continued five more years and was then expanded to </span>a Christmas greenery sale in 1970, netting <span abp="180" class="m_719671829059804644money">$630</span>. That small beginning has grown into an annual holiday auction, the aptly-name 'Awesome Auction,' raising about $35K in recent years. </div>
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Through its generous philanthropy the Town & Country Garden Club has contributed to 47 major projects of the Durham area over the last 40 years. These contributions include: beautification and landscaping plantings, donations and scholarships for local schools and various civic organizations, including work with the Ronald McDonald House, Museum of Life and Science, Healing Garden at Caring House, Durham Rescue Mission, contributions toward a cistern system at Durham Farmer’s Market, garden therapy workshops with Emerald Pond and the Caring House, and two significant projects in the Hope Valley neighborhood. The most recent projects include the Durham Public Schools Hub Farm, the Caring House Memory Gardens, and NC Beautiful scholarships.</div>
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Barbara Yowell, a longtime member said, “Our return to the community in over 50 years is more than $250,000! Not bad for a bunch of Town and Country gardeners!”</div>
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<em abp="1489">Rita Davis, Town & Country Garden Club, contributed to this article.</em></div>
DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-49721707751123685642017-12-15T10:35:00.000-05:002017-12-15T11:33:32.241-05:00Poinsettias in Scarlet Bloom at the Durham VA Medical Center<table abp="252" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody abp="253">
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<span abp="1296" style="font-size: small;">Photo archive by Marcia Loudon, Heritage Garden Club.</span></div>
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The Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center is again in holiday scarlet bloom with poinsettias thanks to the sponsorship of the Forest Hills Garden Club and fellow members of the Durham Garden Clubs participating in the 2017 Poinsettia Project for Veterans.</div>
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Dr. Sue Woods, President of Forest Hills Garden Club, and Treasurer Moe Berry spearheaded the Poinsettia Project, assuming the mantle held and created by the Heritage Garden Club. This year's poinsettias totaled 64 plants. Each of these contained a plant tag honoring a US service member whom the sponsor recognized with their plant purchase.<br />
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As with tradition, at New Year's the 2017 holiday poinsettias will be distributed to patients in residence and staff at the VA Medical Center. Many of the keepers are able to grow the plants all year and are deeply appreciative of the gift, according to Woods.</div>
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<tr abp="78"><td abp="79" class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Members of the Forest Hills Garden Club and Junior Garden Club ready to decorate the VA Chapel. <br />Photo by the Forest Hills Garden Club.</span></td></tr>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-88254414987275352322017-12-13T22:49:00.003-05:002017-12-13T23:00:21.270-05:00Protecting Plants from Cold Damage<table abp="1269" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody abp="1270">
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<span abp="1279" style="font-size: small;">Water loss is the main concern in the </span></div>
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<span abp="1281" style="font-size: small;">garden during winter months. </span></div>
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<span abp="1283" style="font-size: small;">Slow drip water to woody plants and water </span></div>
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During the winter months it is necessary to offer protection to certain North Carolina landscape plants. Winter protection does not mean to keep plants warm, as this is virtually impossible but to provide protection from damaging wind, heavy snow and ice, the alternate freezing and thawing of the soil beneath the plants and heat from the sun on very cold days.</div>
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Protection should be offered to evergreen plants by reducing water loss. Plants transpire water through their leaves. Evergreens continue to lose water during the winter, therefore moisture must be taken up by the plants' roots. Homeowners are more conscious of watering shrubs during the summer months and often this garden chore is neglected during cold weather. The roots will absorb moisture when it is available but when the ground is frozen or during a dry period the moisture is not available. The plants continue to transpire water but at this time draws moisture from living cells. If too much is given off from this source the cell dies. Consequently leaves brown out and die.</div>
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High winds and a warm sun on cold days result in a higher rate of water transpiration. Protection could be offered by planting susceptible plants in a sheltered location and providing additional water during dry periods or prior to hard freezes.</div>
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Foundation plantings are often injured by ice and snow falling from the roof on their frozen branches. It is sometimes necessary to construct a temporary shelter for shrubs in a precarious situation.</div>
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Wide tape or cloth can simply be wrapped around an evergreen to prevent broken branches. This is quite helpful to boxwoods and arborvitaes. If branches are bent and broken over by heavy ice or snow it is advisable to wait a few days before pruning and cleaning up. Often branches will recover to a degree of satisfaction on their own--so don't be hasty to prune drooping limbs.</div>
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An additional layer of mulch is usually recommended during winter months after the first freeze. Mulches will reduce water loss from the soil thus aiding in transpiration, and also reduce 'heaving' of the soil as the soil freezes and thaws.</div>
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To protect plants from cold damage, the following 6 steps are suggested:</div>
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<li abp="41">Plant only varieties that are hardy to your area.</li>
<li abp="42">If you have a choice, locate less hardy plants in the highest part of the yard. Cold air settles to the lowest part of the yard.</li>
<li abp="43">Protect plants from cold wind. A fence or tall evergreen hedge of trees or shrubs gives good protection.</li>
<li abp="44">Shade plants from direct winter sun, especially early morning sun. Plants that freeze slowly and thaw slowly will be damaged the least. Obviously, the south side of the house with no shade is the worse place for tender plants.</li>
<li abp="45">Stop feeding plants quickly-available nitrogen in late summer. Let them "harden off" before cold weather.</li>
<li abp="46">A covering of plastic is excellent protection. Build a frame over the plant or plants, cover with plastic and seal plastic to the ground with soil. Shade plastic to keep temperature from building up inside. This plastic traps moisture and warm air as it radiates from the soil. It also knocks off cold wind. Be certain not to allow plastic to come in contact with plants.</li>
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<span abp="1332" style="font-size: large;">Repair to Storm Damaged Plants</span><a abp="49" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="section_heading_4229"></a><span abp="50" class="pull-right hidden-print"><a abp="51" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/protecting-plants-from-cold-damage#section_heading_4229"><span abp="52" class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a></span></h1>
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Knowing how and when to offer first aid to an ice, snow, or wind damaged plant will often save the plant from future decay and possible loss. Do not be in a hurry to start pruning a branch which is bent out of shape. Often in a few days following the damage the plant will straighten up on its own.<br />
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Broken limbs can be pruned immediately. Make clean cuts with sharp tools. If the plant is completely misshapen after the corrective pruning - consider pruning the entire plant where the subsequent growth will be in balance.<br />
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Trees can be straightened by cabling or guying. Straighten them by attaching a cable or guy about 3⁄4 of the way up - pulling them back into position. Be certain to pad the tree to protect against wire damage.<br />
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Trees which are uprooted should be immediately straightened and staked. Remove any damaged roots or limbs by pruning. Keep the tree mulched and watered during stress periods.<br />
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Author: Kim Powell, Spec (Commercial Landscaping)<br />
Horticultural Science Publication date: Sept. 30, 1993 </div>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-64246691227661401122017-12-07T10:18:00.002-05:002017-12-07T10:21:22.613-05:00Pathogen Spotlight: Phomopsis Blight of Juniper<div abp="14">
Phomopsis blight is a serious disease problem on eastern red cedar in Missouri. The fungal disease, caused byPhomopsis juniperovora, is widespread in this region and can infect arborvitae and cypress as well as juniper. Phomopsis is more of a problem on junipers in landscape plantings because young tissue is most seriously infected. Older plants are seldom killed by Phomopsis, thus it is not a concern in natural stands of juniper.<br />
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<span abp="1515" style="font-size: small;">Yellowing juniper tips (<em abp="176">Juniperus</em>) showing early signs of phomopsis blight.</span></div>
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The first sign of infection is the browning of needle tips. New shoots, in the yellow-green stage, will brown and die in their first summer. Progressive dieback follows, eventually killing an entire branch by girdling the stem. The fungus will progress to the main stem and can infect and girdle stems less than 1/2 inch in diameter. Infected needles turn light green, then reddish-brown, and finally an ashen gray.<br />
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Phomopsis overwinters on needles and stems of young trees that were infected the previous year. The fungus is most abundant on dead tissue that has become ashen gray in color. Infective spores are dispersed by rain splash. Only seven hours of 100% humidity are needed for infection to occur when temperatures are 75 degrees F.<br />
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1. Prune infected branches to prevent the spread of the disease. Remove dead tissue as well. The fungus can produce infective spores for up to 2 years in dead parts of infected plants. Prune in late summer when the weather is dry.</div>
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2. Plant resistant evergreens. Susceptibility to Phomopsis blight varies considerably among junipers. Ask for resistant stock at your garden or landscape center or consider planting another type of evergreen.</div>
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3. Fungicides. Bordeaux mixture, other <a abp="1425" href="http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/gardens-gardening/your-garden/help-for-the-home-gardener/advice-tips-resources/pests-and-problems/pesticides/copper.aspx">copper</a>-based fungicides, and mancozeb are labeled for use on Phomopsis. These fungicides can be applied 3–4 times in the spring, at 10–14 day intervals to protect the new growth. They can be used anytime a flush of new growth occurs. Once the new growth matures in midsummer, discontinue further applications.<br />
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<strong abp="927">Organic Strategies</strong></div>
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Strategies 1 and 2 are strictly organic approaches. Of the fungicides mentioned in Strategy 3, consult the <a abp="1432" href="http://www.omri.org/home">Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI™)</a> for appropriate organic copper products.</div>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-56344737226343940992017-12-01T08:19:00.003-05:002017-12-01T08:22:02.211-05:00Garden Spotlight: 10 Gardens That Glitter with Holiday Lights and Cheer<table abp="16" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody abp="17">
<tr abp="18"><td abp="19" style="text-align: center;"><a abp="20" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizMB_JfpCQOWgX1S36mEaWqqPb2QjZhbhKo1gClNeQCJY_mnLZ1hf9CP4TMZhvPqYpYGJHf1f-Nzgu1yUyjTJR2_Z6lb3ttiMDf1jgc0lKxmk79kyrluFoeFTBFsLlGMadEapAwIvVMcw/s1600/Shore-Acres-Park-holiday-lights-1170x779.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="21" border="0" data-original-height="779" data-original-width="1170" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizMB_JfpCQOWgX1S36mEaWqqPb2QjZhbhKo1gClNeQCJY_mnLZ1hf9CP4TMZhvPqYpYGJHf1f-Nzgu1yUyjTJR2_Z6lb3ttiMDf1jgc0lKxmk79kyrluFoeFTBFsLlGMadEapAwIvVMcw/s640/Shore-Acres-Park-holiday-lights-1170x779.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr abp="22"><td abp="23" class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">Looking for design inspiration for your Christmas outdoor display? </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">See the gardens highlighted in Garden Destinations: </span><a abp="41" href="http://www.gardendestinations.com/10-gardens-that-glitter-with-holiday-lights-and-cheer/"><span style="font-size: large;">http://www.gardendestinations.com/10-gardens-that-glitter-with-holiday-lights-and-cheer/</span></a><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Pictured: Shore Acres Garden – </span><a abp="44" href="http://shoreacres.net/"><span style="font-size: large;">Holiday Lights</span></a><span style="font-size: large;"> in Coos Bay, Oregon</span></td></tr>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-77724372131386848932017-11-30T13:50:00.001-05:002017-11-30T13:51:02.569-05:00Herbarium Explorations: Irreplaceable Repositories of Historical Plant Information Vital to a Wide Variety of Scientific Applications<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a abp="199" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEXf455LrKlcorUFyYyS_GN6OFfzMSdWjTF9XFxnjRKwADTuediq4OuJ9bRdBVqoqD2DvaFnaTKnzbRGEFxULL5eV1FDZkbRfDNdNEOSVyXoxaXaNkhgT13fqMwuGrTMveHoLI41Usul4/s1600/herbarium1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="200" border="0" data-original-height="955" data-original-width="1600" height="380" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEXf455LrKlcorUFyYyS_GN6OFfzMSdWjTF9XFxnjRKwADTuediq4OuJ9bRdBVqoqD2DvaFnaTKnzbRGEFxULL5eV1FDZkbRfDNdNEOSVyXoxaXaNkhgT13fqMwuGrTMveHoLI41Usul4/s640/herbarium1.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div align="left">
<span style="font-size: small;">In the U.S. National Herbarium at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History, botany department staff examine pressed and jarred specimens of algae.</span> </div>
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<em abp="81">By Marcia G. Yerman</em></div>
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<em>The American Gardener, AHS </em></div>
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<em>November/December 2017</em></div>
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IT’S EASY to be amazed and inspired by the vibrant, living collections of plants at public gardens and universities. But there are 400,000 species of plants and possibly millions of species of fungi on the planet—far more than all the public gardens in the world can display. The job of maintaining historical records of all those plants and fungi goes on largely out of public view, in archives known as herbaria. </div>
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“Herbaria serve as an encyclopedia of the Earth’s flora,” says Vicki Funk, Senior Research Botanist & Curator at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) in Washington, D.C. “They are really our only record of what’s been on the planet in the past, what’s here in the present, and what we predict into the future,” she adds. Yet many people don’t fully understand why herbaria are important. “There’s a misconception that the collections are just a bunch of boring dead plants, and that what we do is not science,” Funk says. “In reality, it’s not that at all. We collect specific things to answer specific questions.” </div>
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The specimens in herbaria are irreplaceable sources of information regarding the diversity of species and the habitats they come from. They play a critical role in taxonomy, systematics, anatomy, morphology, ethnobiology, paleobiology, and conservation biology. They can be used to confirm the identity of a newly discovered species, and provide locality data for conservation assessments. Specimens can document the effects of climate change on flowering phenology and provide material for DNA analysis and conservation genetics. </div>
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<span abp="82" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="83">INSIDE A HERBARIUM</strong></span> </div>
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According to the Index Herbariorum, an online catalog of herbaria maintained by the New York Botanical Garden (see “Resources,” page 31), there are 2,885 herbaria worldwide containing approximately 375 million specimens. Of these, the William and Lynda Steere Herbarium at the New York Botanical Garden (NYBG) is the second largest herbarium in the world (the largest is at the National Museum of Natural History in Paris, France). It houses the most extensive collection in North America with over 7.8 million preserved plant and fungal specimens, including samples from every continent. </div>
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This past summer, the NYBG hosted “What in the World is a Herbarium?” to showcase this lesser known side of its work. I toured the exhibit, which explored different aspects of the Steere Herbarium’s mission, from the collection of specimens and the process of preservation, to the history of the research of American botanist and inventor George Washington Carver, a former slave who spent much of his career researching alternative crops to cotton. </div>
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The theme of one wall, “Saving the Plants of the World,” outlined the efforts of NYBG’s staff to collect plant species in geographic areas from Myanmar (formerly Burma) to the Brazilian Amazon. From a diversity standpoint, Myanmar’s northern forest is exceptional; of the 6,000 plant species found there, 25 percent don’t exist anywhere else in the world. Specimens in the herbarium from places like these may represent the last bit of evidence that a species existed on Earth. </div>
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I also went behind the scenes with Matthew Pace, the assistant curator and an expert on orchids of the New World. In the climate-controlled herbarium stacks, I viewed with amazement historic specimens that included a plant collected on Captain James Cook’s first voyage, when he led an expedition to the South Seas beginning in 1768; a moss collected and documented by English naturalist Charles Darwin; and plants gathered by artist and explorer John J. Audubon, who used them to ensure the accuracy of the habitats depicted in his paintings of birds. </div>
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In addition to the historical significance of specimens like these, Pace stressed their importance to current research. For example, ethnobotanists can consult herbarium collections to examine plant use by societies around the world, and scientists on the ground can apply this knowledge while interacting with local populations to develop sustainable practices.</div>
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One of the most important components of herbaria collections is what are known as type specimens. These are the original individual specimens from a population that serve as the reference point for naming a new species, so they are vital for determining the correct application of a botanical name. </div>
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“Our whole system of nomenclature is linked to these herbarium specimens,” says Funk. “Everything that has a name must have a type specimen as a record of it.” The U.S. National Herbarium, for instance, holds more than 120,000 type specimens.</div>
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<strong abp="22"><span abp="84" style="font-size: large;">REVELATIONS FROM PRESERVED PLANTS</span></strong> </div>
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I left the NYBG’s exhibit with a whole new level of appreciation for the scientists who study dead plants. It was particularly encouraging to learn about the work occurring, both in the United States and elsewhere, to protect plant life in the face of climate change and other threats. Unlike the situation with endangered animals—especially the socalled charismatic megafauna such as pandas and elephants—the narrative around threatened plants is often under the radar.</div>
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Herbarium collections can reveal a lot about how climate change affects and will affect plants, explains Dennis Desjardin, director of the Harry D. Thiers Herbarium in San Francisco, California. “The presence or absence of a specific species in an area reflects environmental conditions at the time of collection, hence they can be used to evaluate climate change, competition, and other data pertinent to conservation efforts,” he says. </div>
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Gary Krupnick, a conservation biologist who is Head of the Smithsonian’s Plant Conservation Unit in Washington, D.C., points out that new ways to glean climatic insights from herbarium collections continue to surface. “Today, we’re using specimens in ways the original collectors could never have imagined,” he says. “For instance, a recent study by a team of scientists examined the protein content of pollen from specimens of Canadian goldenrod dating from 1842 to 1998, that are housed at the U.S. National Herbarium. They found that as atmospheric carbon dioxide levels increased, the protein content of the pollen decreased. Thus, an increase in carbon dioxide emissions over the last several decades has made a key food source for bees less nutritious than in the past.” </div>
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Desjardin is also particularly excited about what herbarium specimens can tell us on a molecular level. “Each specimen contains DNA that can potentially be sequenced, so they provide genetic information for understanding speciation and evolutionary relationships,” he says. Genetic sequences for individual plant species are being logged into online databases such as GenBank, so that researchers everywhere can access and analyze the data. This information has widespread applications in fields such as medicine, pharmacology, and bioindustry. </div>
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<strong><span style="font-size: large;">COLLABORATIVE EFFORTS</span></strong> </div>
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Along with genetic sequences, technological innovations of the Digital Age have made it possible to digitize herbarium specimens and make them more widely accessible online. This has encouraged herbaria to “become more collaborative,” says Funk, who has been working at the U.S. National Herbarium at the Smithsonian for more than 36 years.</div>
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“It used to be that all the collected specimens went back to major herbaria,” she says. “Now the plant collections are shared with the country of origin. Also, many programs are digitizing the specimens and the literature so people in places other than major cities with big herbaria have access to resources they never had before.” Digitization also provides a cost-effective alternative to having to borrow a specimen across long distances or send a researcher to view it in person. And now that individual institutions and researchers are no longer the sole holders of specialized regional or plant family collections and data, there is greater participation and higher standards in academic research, Funk adds. </div>
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Among the many herbaria moving toward this free flow of information are the ones at NYBG and Smithsonian, which have uploaded their collections to a free searchable database (see “Resources,” this page). Full documentation accompanies the high-resolution images. Every month, thousands of records are uploaded. In 2013, the NYBG reached the milestone of its two-millionth specimen for digitization, which turned out to be the purple pitcher plant (Sarracenia purpurea), a carnivorous plant native to eastern North America. The U.S. National Herbarium hit the same digitization milestone in 2016. </div>
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While new technologies continue to advance our ability to tackle complex conservation issues and expand our scientific knowledge, herbaria provide an essential foundation for this critical work. “Though a third of the world’s plant species are in inexorable decline and headed to extinction, we have the skills and ability to save the majority if we work hard to do so,” says James S. Miller, Senior Vice President for Science and Conservation at the Missouri Botanical Garden in St. Louis, which holds the second largest collection of plant specimens in North America in its herbarium.“The herbarium is the catalog that we work against. We need the whole list of the world’s plant species before we can decide which need attention to ensure their future survival.” </div>
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See full article with many informative photos at: <a abp="85" href="http://ahsgardening.org/uploads/pdfs/Herbarium_TAG_ND17.pdf">http://ahsgardening.org/uploads/pdfs/Herbarium_TAG_ND17.pdf</a></div>
DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-4021666146517420282017-11-26T11:46:00.001-05:002017-11-26T12:05:22.695-05:00Heritage Garden Club Shares Holiday Gratitude with Triangle First Responders<div abp="217">
<a abp="221" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3HWry6FpPcQfl31Pz6XQ1Q7NU6UW_DogndAGZhHYeogSuU5yTqlUNYrEKKaTS5a45iP2U1C6OeODt7D72cSMA5CZBGe2pC_I0O13su7H9u6xDxppC4R5_8QAa9NZMBJKZqMfpNXSz1jU/s1600/Heritage3+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img abp="222" border="0" data-original-height="240" data-original-width="320" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3HWry6FpPcQfl31Pz6XQ1Q7NU6UW_DogndAGZhHYeogSuU5yTqlUNYrEKKaTS5a45iP2U1C6OeODt7D72cSMA5CZBGe2pC_I0O13su7H9u6xDxppC4R5_8QAa9NZMBJKZqMfpNXSz1jU/s400/Heritage3+copy.jpg" width="400" /></a><br />
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<img abp="219" border="0" data-original-height="221" data-original-width="274" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1MqkH3Re9qFnAgvh5J2A6eMIRCrSbNtI3nmDB44mIMpS9s_i1b7N9-8IXUYa0lv5ES3jbvbETgqEDfsXK9tpyRF-0NgDrlEf1aX_7Ir5B71x2Zz_LWzEvNgHjxXKNMkYbDxLcEgxdHxk/s320/Heritage1+copy.jpg" width="320" /> </div>
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<a abp="129" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHLXLwVligENPEL_aonqgdlfy6JBnc4yyUoMFSHu6jQYfxvMNyuArQIZY6oDkup9jiGIzYCqXlnv_DgBPW5ZA4T2UMsrlh-4btfrOCoV8SThD7zAf3Ykv6GF7OtppQWsGtVC37sJ_Uw9Y/s1600/Heritage2+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img abp="130" border="0" data-original-height="229" data-original-width="190" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHLXLwVligENPEL_aonqgdlfy6JBnc4yyUoMFSHu6jQYfxvMNyuArQIZY6oDkup9jiGIzYCqXlnv_DgBPW5ZA4T2UMsrlh-4btfrOCoV8SThD7zAf3Ykv6GF7OtppQWsGtVC37sJ_Uw9Y/s320/Heritage2+copy.jpg" width="264" /></a></div>
The Heritage Garden Club of Durham continued its annual holiday tradition of making beautiful floral arrangements to gift a handful of Triangle First Responders and public workers. <br />
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Heritage Garden Club members met in early November at the home of Martha Sanderford and got busy in her family's garage wiring and creating fresh holiday arrangements with natural plants and materials brought from their own yards. Each arrangement was tagged with a thank you from the Heritage Garden Club. <br />
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Eight holiday arrangements were made and delivered to: different branches of the Durham Co. and Orange Co. Libraries, Fire Stations and EMS Stations in Durham and Orange Co. as well as the Semora Volunteer Fire Department.<br />
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<em>Photos by the Heritage Garden Club. </em></div>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-49380763131356602272017-11-22T21:25:00.003-05:002017-11-22T21:25:53.720-05:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<img border="0" data-original-height="796" data-original-width="1188" height="428" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuojRhOvtwjYE9La0RlY0dP60PAAFzwKkS9kchjPfrnSmcHo0GOzUcuK3j_uay0_FzRk0I325rWAnfo0ChFyKEz_V4py_ix5Dns3G9hP7KpuTh8vC42P1NsxkkknnsNPvRixc_lfVmCH0/s640/Thanksgiving1.jpg" width="640" /></div>
DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-18886785146656569032017-11-21T15:31:00.003-05:002017-11-21T15:54:29.589-05:00Growing Home Orchards in North Carolina<div abp="2436">
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<a abp="2348" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGFrQ57-B1H4j5Mjb7ZJ3MYXJyDv-29ZwMx7lN3H_x4Vi_3csXH2M7wn3QbuaSTljtvE6KvvaCTHZXFy5v0zGlptfNI1oJrS-pCrT9RFZq9F0g0K3nLejCZb9k3aZuPYcdJNVXtZ7mi0Y/s1600/DSC_0090.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="2349" border="0" data-original-height="1059" data-original-width="1600" height="422" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGFrQ57-B1H4j5Mjb7ZJ3MYXJyDv-29ZwMx7lN3H_x4Vi_3csXH2M7wn3QbuaSTljtvE6KvvaCTHZXFy5v0zGlptfNI1oJrS-pCrT9RFZq9F0g0K3nLejCZb9k3aZuPYcdJNVXtZ7mi0Y/s640/DSC_0090.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span abp="2352" style="font-size: small;">With the proper conditions, home gardeners in North Carolina can also grow certain types of cultivar fruits.</span></div>
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<em abp="2444">Growing tree fruit in the home garden or yard can be a rewarding pastime. However, careful planning, preparation, and care of the trees are essential for success. This publication tells you what to consider before planting, how to plant your trees, and how to take care of them to ensure many seasons of enjoyment.</em></div>
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<span abp="76" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="1296">Fruit Selection</strong></span><a abp="2447" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="section_heading_2992"></a><span abp="2448" class="pull-right hidden-print"><a abp="2449" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#section_heading_2992"><span abp="2450" class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a></span></div>
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Selecting the type of fruit to grow is the first step in tree fruit production. To begin, you need to know which tree fruit can be grown in North Carolina.</div>
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Your region's climate determines the type of fruit you can grow successfully. The climate must be compatible with the growing requirements of the selected fruit crop. To take an extreme example, a tropical fruit such as the banana simply cannot survive in North Carolina. Bananas require a warmer climate and a longer growing season. Other tree fruit that may look promising in the glossy pages of mail order catalogs are also destined to fail if grown in incompatible climates. Climatic conditions vary greatly from one region to another in North Carolina, so make sure that the fruit you choose can grow successfully in your area.</div>
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<table abp="2455" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" class="table table-striped" style="width: 100%;"><caption abp="2456"><strong abp="2457">Table 1. Potential tree fruit crops for North Carolina.</strong><br abp="526" />
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<tr abp="2459"><th abp="2460" scope="col"><div abp="1315">
<div abp="532">
<div abp="1369">
Fruit</div>
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</div>
</th><th abp="2461" scope="col"><div abp="1317">
<div abp="535">
<div abp="1373">
Location</div>
</div>
</div>
</th><th abp="2462" scope="col"><div abp="1319">
<div abp="538">
<div abp="1377">
Varietal Considerations</div>
</div>
</div>
</th><th abp="2463" scope="col"><div abp="1321">
<div abp="541">
<div abp="1381">
Management</div>
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</div>
</th></tr>
</thead><tbody abp="2464">
<tr abp="2465"><td abp="2466"><div abp="1325">
<div abp="546">
<div abp="1387">
<strong abp="2467">Apples</strong></div>
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</div>
</td><td abp="2468"><div abp="1328">
<div abp="550">
<div abp="1392">
Throughout North Carolina</div>
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</div>
</td><td abp="2469"><div abp="1330">
<div abp="553">
<div abp="1396">
Most varieties will grow in North Carolina</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2470"><div abp="1332">
<div abp="556">
<div abp="1400">
Moderate</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2471"><td abp="2472"><div abp="1335">
<div abp="560">
<div abp="1405">
<strong abp="2473">Asian Pears</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2474"><div abp="1338">
<div abp="564">
<div abp="1410">
Throughout North Carolina</div>
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</div>
</td><td abp="2475"><div abp="1340">
<div abp="567">
<div abp="1414">
Plant fire blight-resistant varieties only</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2476"><div abp="1342">
<div abp="570">
<div abp="1418">
Moderate</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2477"><td abp="2478"><div abp="1345">
<div abp="574">
<div abp="1423">
<strong abp="2479">Chestnuts</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2480"><div abp="1348">
<div abp="578">
<div abp="1428">
Throughout North Carolina</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2481"><div abp="1350">
<div abp="581">
<div abp="1432">
Chinese and Chinese-American hybrids</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2482"><div abp="1352">
<div abp="584">
<div abp="1436">
Low</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2483"><td abp="2484"><div abp="1355">
<div abp="588">
<div abp="1441">
<strong abp="2485">Figs</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2486"><div abp="1358">
<div abp="592">
<div abp="1446">
Eastern North Carolina and southern piedmont</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2487"><div abp="1360">
<div abp="595">
<div abp="1450">
Select varieties that set fruit without pollination</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2488"><div abp="1362">
<div abp="598">
<div abp="1454">
Low</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2489"><td abp="2490"><div abp="1365">
<div abp="602">
<div abp="1459">
<strong abp="2491">Nectarines</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2492"><div abp="1368">
<div abp="606">
<div abp="1464">
Throughout North Carolina except at higher elevations</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2493"><div abp="1370">
<div abp="609">
<div abp="1468">
Select varieties that require at least 750 hours of chilling</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2494"><div abp="1372">
<div abp="612">
<div abp="1472">
Very high</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2495"><td abp="2496"><div abp="1375">
<div abp="616">
<div abp="1477">
<strong abp="2497">Peaches</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2498"><div abp="1378">
<div abp="620">
<div abp="1482">
Throughout North Carolina except at higher elevations</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2499"><div abp="1380">
<div abp="623">
<div abp="1486">
Select varieties that require at least 750 hours of chilling</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2500"><div abp="1382">
<div abp="626">
<div abp="1490">
High</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2501"><td abp="2502"><div abp="1385">
<div abp="630">
<div abp="1495">
<strong abp="2503">Pears</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2504"><div abp="1388">
<div abp="634">
<div abp="1500">
Throughout North Carolina</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2505"><div abp="1390">
<div abp="637">
<div abp="1504">
Plant fire blight-resistant varieties only</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2506"><div abp="1392">
<div abp="640">
<div abp="1508">
Moderate</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2507"><td abp="2508"><div abp="1395">
<div abp="644">
<div abp="1513">
<strong abp="2509">Pecans</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2510"><div abp="1398">
<div abp="648">
<div abp="1518">
Eastern North Carolina and southern piedmont</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2511"><div abp="1400">
<div abp="651">
<div abp="1522">
Select varieties suitable for North Carolina conditions</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2512"><div abp="1402">
<div abp="654">
<div abp="1526">
Low</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2513"><td abp="2514"><div abp="1405">
<div abp="658">
<div abp="1531">
<strong abp="2515">Persimmons</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2516"><div abp="1408">
<div abp="662">
<div abp="1536">
Eastern North Carolina and southern piedmont</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2517"><div abp="1410">
<div abp="665">
<div abp="1540">
American and Oriental are suitable</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2518"><div abp="1412">
<div abp="668">
<div abp="1544">
Low</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2519"><td abp="2520"><div abp="1415">
<div abp="672">
<div abp="1549">
<strong abp="2521">Plums</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2522"><div abp="1418">
<div abp="676">
<div abp="1554">
Throughout North Carolina</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2523"><div abp="1420">
<div abp="679">
<div abp="1558">
Use late-blooming varieties</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2524"><div abp="1422">
<div abp="682">
<div abp="1562">
Moderate</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div abp="2525">
<div abp="1424">
<div abp="685">
<div abp="1566">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr abp="2526" />
<div abp="2527">
<div abp="1427">
<div abp="689">
<div abp="1571">
Fruit crops that can be grown in North Carolina are listed above in Table 1, along with additional information that will help to ensure success. Tree fruits that are not included in the list may grow in North Carolina, but few consistently produce quality fruit. For example, apricot and cherry trees can grow in certain areas where the climate is favorable, but they must be carefully managed and usually do not bear fruit consistently.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2528">
<div abp="1431">
<div abp="695">
<div abp="1579">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2529">
<div abp="1433">
<div abp="698">
<div abp="1583">
Note also that different crops require different levels of management. Low-management crops such as pecans, figs, and persimmons require little attention to training, fertility, or insect and disease control. On the other hand, peaches and plums require intensive management.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2529">
<div abp="1435">
<div abp="701">
<div abp="1587">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2531" class="section">
<div abp="1437">
<div abp="704">
<div abp="1591">
<span abp="77" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="706">Site Selection</strong></span><a abp="2532" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="section_heading_2993"></a><span abp="2533" class="pull-right hidden-print"><a abp="2534" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#section_heading_2993"><span abp="2535" class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2536" class="section">
<div abp="1444">
<div abp="713">
<div abp="1601">
Selecting a good site for your fruit trees is crucial to their success. A number of factors should be considered (<a abp="2537" class="img_modal_trigger in_body" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1211">Figure 1a</a> and <a abp="2538" class="img_modal_trigger in_body" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1212">Figure 1b</a>).</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2536" class="section">
<div abp="1448">
<div abp="718">
<div abp="1607">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2539" class="section">
<div abp="1450">
<div abp="721">
<div abp="1611">
<strong abp="2540">Soil Type and Drainage</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2541" class="section">
<div abp="1453">
<div abp="725">
<div abp="1616">
Plant fruit trees in well-drained and fairly fertile soil. Avoid poorly drained soils. A tree's root system grows throughout the year. Water that remains standing in the root zone (18 to 24 inches deep) at any time during the year can drown the tree. During the growing season, standing water can drown some types of fruit trees in just three days. Poorly drained soils also promote the growth of root rot organisms.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2541" class="section">
<div abp="1455">
<div abp="728">
<div abp="1620">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2542" class="section">
<div abp="1457">
<div abp="731">
<div abp="1624">
When poorly drained soils cannot be avoided, problems may be alleviated by planting the trees in raised beds (<a abp="2543" class="img_modal_trigger in_body" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1214">Figure 3</a>). The beds are formed by shaping well-drained topsoil into beds 18 to 24 inches high and 4 to 5 feet wide. Raised beds have been used successfully in both backyard and commercial orchards. Trees grown in raised beds must be irrigated more frequently during the growing season because the beds present a larger exposed surface area from which water can evaporate.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2542" class="section">
<div abp="1460">
<div abp="735">
<div abp="1629">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2544" class="section">
<div abp="1462">
<div abp="738">
<div abp="1633">
<strong abp="2545">Soil Fertility</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2546" class="section">
<div abp="1465">
<div abp="742">
<div abp="1638">
It is also important to consider soil fertility and acidity. Ideally, the soil pH should be around 6.5, but North Carolina soils are more typically acidic. Acidic soils reduce the amount of nutrients available to the trees. When this happens, fertilization does not benefit the trees but results in runoff or leaching. To alleviate the problem, it will be necessary to add lime to the soil to reduce the soil pH.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2547" class="section">
<div abp="1467">
<div abp="745">
<div abp="1642">
Before planting, collect soil samples for analysis. Soil samples should be taken from two depths; the first from the top 8 inches of soil and the second from the 9- to 16-inch depth.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2547" class="section">
<div abp="1469">
<div abp="748">
<div abp="1646">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2548" class="section">
<div abp="1471">
<div abp="751">
<div abp="1650">
Soil fertility analyses are free in North Carolina. Contact your county Cooperative Extension agent for instructions on collecting and submitting soil samples and for the necessary forms and sample boxes. Test results will be returned to you with recommendations for fertilization and liming. Once the test results have been received, the soil should be amended with the recommended materials, which should be worked into the soil before trees are planted.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2548" class="section">
<div abp="1473">
<div abp="754">
<div abp="1654">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2549" class="section">
<div abp="1475">
<div abp="757">
<div abp="1658">
<strong abp="2550">Air Drainage</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2551" class="section">
<div abp="1478">
<div abp="761">
<div abp="1663">
Adequate air drainage is as important as proper water drainage. In North Carolina, spring frosts and freezes are common, and a small difference in elevation can mean the difference between a full crop and no crop at all. Remember that cold air is heavier than warm air and settles in low areas, so choose a site that allows cold air to flow downhill away from the trees. Select higher sites with an unobstructed, gradual slope. Avoid low sites, which are commonly known as frost pockets.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2551" class="section">
<div abp="1480">
<div abp="764">
<div abp="1667">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2552" class="section">
<div abp="1482">
<div abp="767">
<div abp="1671">
<strong abp="2553">Sunlight</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2554" class="section">
<div abp="1485">
<div abp="771">
<div abp="1676">
Plant fruit trees in areas that receive full sunlight. Avoid areas shaded by taller trees, houses, or buildings (<a abp="2555" class="img_modal_trigger in_body" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1211">Figure 1a</a>).</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2554" class="section">
<div abp="1488">
<div abp="775">
<div abp="1681">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2556" class="section">
<div abp="1490">
<div abp="778">
<div abp="1685">
Most fruit tree buds require 30 percent sunlight to produce high-quality fruit. Although the exterior of a tree may receive full sun, sunlight can be reduced by one-half just 12 inches inside the canopy of the tree. Eighteen inches into the tree canopy, light may be reduced nearly 75 percent, which is below the level needed for successful fruit production. Partially shaded trees can also have increased disease problems.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2556" class="section">
<div abp="1492">
<div abp="781">
<div abp="1689">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2557" class="section">
<div abp="1494">
<div abp="784">
<div abp="1693">
<strong abp="2558">Nematodes</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2559" class="section">
<div abp="1497">
<div abp="788">
<div abp="1698">
Nematodes are microscopic worms that live in the soil. Several types of fruit trees, including peach, plum, and figs, can be damaged or destroyed by nematodes.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2559" class="section">
<div abp="1499">
<div abp="791">
<div abp="1702">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2560" class="section">
<div abp="1501">
<div abp="794">
<div abp="1706">
An inexpensive soil test can be conducted to check for nematodes. For information, contact your county Cooperative Extension agent. The test results will be returned with recommendations for your crop. Avoid soils with high nematode populations. Soils with unacceptable nematode populations can be treated with a soil fumigant. However, most fumigants must be applied by a licensed pesticide applicator and can be costly. Contact your county Cooperative Extension agent for specific recommendations.</div>
<div abp="1707">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2561" class="row image_row">
<div abp="2562" class="col-md-3 img-md-2">
<div abp="2563" class="img_div img-thumbnail">
<div abp="1505">
<div abp="1712">
</div>
<table abp="1713" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody abp="1714">
<tr abp="1715"><td abp="1716" style="text-align: center;"><div abp="1717">
<a abp="2564" class="img_modal_trigger" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1211" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="2565" alt="Figure 1a" src="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/media/images/ag28fg1a.gif" /></a></div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="1720"><td abp="1721" class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div abp="1722">
Figure 1a: Poor site selection. Fruit trees should</div>
<div abp="1723">
not be planted in areas shaded by houses, buildings,</div>
<div abp="1724">
or other trees. They also should not be planted</div>
<div abp="1725">
near fences or hedges, as these keep </div>
<div abp="1726">
cold air trapped around young trees. Nickola Dudley</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div abp="2566" class="caption">
<div abp="1509">
<div abp="805">
<table abp="2594" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody abp="2595">
<tr abp="2596"><td abp="2597" style="text-align: center;"><div abp="1734">
<a abp="2580" class="img_modal_trigger" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1212" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="2581" alt="Figure 1b" height="233" src="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/media/images/ag28fg1b.gif" width="320" /></a></div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2600"><td abp="2601" class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div abp="1739">
<span abp="2602" style="font-size: small;">Figure 1b: Well-selected site. All fruit trees are </span></div>
<div abp="1741">
<span abp="2602" style="font-size: small;">planted away from barriers and in areas</span></div>
<div abp="1743">
<span abp="2602" style="font-size: small;"> that receive sufficient light. Nickola Dudley</span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div abp="1745">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2567" class="attribution">
<div abp="1511">
<div abp="808">
<div abp="1749">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2578" class="col-md-3 img-md-2">
<div abp="2579" class="img_div img-thumbnail">
<div abp="1514">
</div>
<div abp="2582" class="caption">
<div abp="1518">
<div abp="817">
<div abp="1756">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="1519">
<div abp="819">
<div abp="1759">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2595" class="section">
<div abp="1521">
<div abp="822">
<div abp="1763">
<span abp="1522" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="1523"></strong></span><br /></div>
<div abp="1766">
<span abp="1522" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="1523"></strong></span><br /></div>
<div abp="1769">
<span abp="1522" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="1523"></strong></span><br /></div>
<div abp="1772">
<span abp="1522" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="1523"></strong></span><br /></div>
<div abp="1775">
<span abp="1522" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="1523"></strong></span><br /></div>
<div abp="1778">
<span abp="1522" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="1523"></strong></span><br /></div>
<div abp="1781">
<span abp="1522" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="1523"></strong></span><br /></div>
<div abp="1784">
<span abp="1522" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="1523">Variety Selection</strong></span><a abp="2596" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="section_heading_2994"></a><span abp="2597" class="pull-right hidden-print"><a abp="2598" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#section_heading_2994"><span abp="2599" class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2600" class="section">
<div abp="1529">
<div abp="831">
<div abp="1794">
After selecting the fruit and the planting site, you must choose the variety of fruit to plant. Novice growers often try to plant the same varieties that they see at their local grocery stores. Many times, however, these fruit are produced in areas with different climatic conditions from those in North Carolina. The result, at best, is fruit that looks much different than expected. At worst, the variety will fail to produce a crop. Plant varieties that are known to grow well in your region. Check temperature requirements and chilling factors before purchasing your trees. Table 2 lists some of the fruit varieties recommended for North Carolina.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="1530">
<div abp="833">
<div abp="1797">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr abp="2601" />
<div abp="2602" class="table-responsive">
<table abp="2603" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" class="table table-striped" style="width: 100%;"><caption abp="2604"><strong abp="2605">Table 2. Variety recommendations for North Carolina.</strong><br abp="839" />
<strong abp="840"></strong> </caption><thead abp="2606">
<tr abp="2607"><th abp="2608" scope="col"><div abp="1539">
<div abp="845">
<div abp="1810">
Fruit</div>
</div>
</div>
</th><th abp="2609" scope="col"><div abp="1541">
<div abp="848">
<div abp="1814">
Recommended Varieties</div>
</div>
</div>
</th><th abp="2610" scope="col"><div abp="1543">
<div abp="851">
<div abp="1818">
Pollination Notes</div>
</div>
</div>
</th><th abp="2611" scope="col"><div abp="1545">
<div abp="854">
<div abp="1822">
Disease Notes</div>
</div>
</div>
</th><th abp="2612" scope="col"><div abp="1547">
<div abp="857">
<div abp="1826">
Other Considerations</div>
</div>
</div>
</th></tr>
</thead><tbody abp="2613">
<tr abp="2614"><td abp="2615"><div abp="1551">
<div abp="862">
<div abp="1832">
<strong abp="2616">Apples</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2617"><div abp="1554">
<div abp="866">
<div abp="1837">
Gala, Ginger Gold, Jonagold, Empire, Red Delicious, Golden Delicious, Crispin (Mutsu), Stayman, Rome, Fuji</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2618"><div abp="1556">
<div abp="869">
<div abp="1841">
Requirements vary. Some varieties are self-fruitful. Others require pollination (see note 1).</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2619"><div abp="1558">
<div abp="872">
<div abp="1845">
Summer rots are the most serious disease problems and can destroy an entire crop. No varieties are resistant. Some varieties are resistant to apple scab, powdery mildew, cedar apple rust, or fireblight. These include Redfree, Prima, Priscilla, Jonafree, and Liberty.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2620"><div abp="1560">
<div abp="875">
<div abp="1849">
In warmer regions, red varieties may not color well.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2621"><td abp="2622"><div abp="1563">
<div abp="879">
<div abp="1854">
<strong abp="2623">Asian Pears</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2624"><div abp="1566">
<div abp="883">
<div abp="1859">
Twentieth Century (Nijisseiki), Nititaka (<em abp="2625">pollen source</em>), Shinseiki (New Century), Chojuro.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2626"><div abp="1569">
<div abp="887">
<div abp="1864">
At least two varieties are needed to ensure adequate pollination.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2627"><div abp="1571">
<div abp="890">
<div abp="1868">
Fire blight is the biggest concern.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2628"><div abp="1573">
<div abp="893">
<div abp="1872">
Asian pears are very crisp and juicy.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2629"><td abp="2630"><div abp="1576">
<div abp="897">
<div abp="1877">
<strong abp="2631">Chestnuts</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2632"><div abp="2633">
<div abp="1580">
<div abp="902">
<div abp="1883">
<strong abp="2634">Chinese:</strong> Nanking, Meiling, Kuling, Abundance, Crane</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2635">
<div abp="1583">
<div abp="906">
<div abp="1888">
<strong abp="2636">Chinese-American Hybrid:</strong> Revival, Carolina, Willamette</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2637"><div abp="1586">
<div abp="910">
<div abp="1893">
All require pollination from another variety. Plant at least two varieties of the same type to assure optimal nut size and production.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2638"><div abp="1588">
<div abp="913">
<div abp="1897">
Most Chinese and hybrid chestnuts are highly resistant to the chestnut blight fungus.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2639"><div abp="1590">
<div abp="916">
<div abp="1901">
Many people prefer the hybrid chestnut varieties, citing superior quality over the Chinese varieties.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2640"><td abp="2641"><div abp="1593">
<div abp="920">
<div abp="1906">
<strong abp="2642">Figs</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2643"><div abp="1596">
<div abp="924">
<div abp="1911">
Celeste, Brown Turkey, Brunswick/Magnolia (<em abp="2644">for preserves</em>), Greenish, Marseille.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2645"><div abp="1599">
<div abp="928">
<div abp="1916">
Only varieties that do not require pollination can be grown in North Carolina.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2646"><div abp="1601">
<div abp="931">
<div abp="1920">
No serious disease problems except nematodes.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2647"><div abp="1603">
<div abp="934">
<div abp="1924">
Fruit may drop prematurely as a result of drought or excessive shade, moisture, or fertilization.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2648"><td abp="2649"><div abp="1606">
<div abp="938">
<div abp="1929">
<strong abp="2650">Nectarines</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2651"><div abp="1609">
<div abp="942">
<div abp="1934">
Summer Beaut, Sunglo, Redgold, Flavortop, Fantasia, Carolina Red (<em abp="2652">see note 2</em>).</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2653"><div abp="1612">
<div abp="946">
<div abp="1939">
Self-fruitful. Do not require pollination by other varieties.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2654"><div abp="1614">
<div abp="949">
<div abp="1943">
Nectarines should be planted only on Lovell or Halford rootstocks to avoid premature death. The lack of hair on nectarines makes the fruit more susceptible to diseases than peaches, and a multipurpose fungicide and insecticide spray program will be required.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2655"><div abp="1616">
<div abp="952">
<div abp="1947">
Many varieties were developed in California and may not do well in North Carolina.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2656"><td abp="2657"><div abp="1619">
<div abp="956">
<div abp="1952">
<strong abp="2658">Peaches</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2659"><div abp="1622">
<div abp="960">
<div abp="1957">
Redhaven, Norman, Carolina Belle (<em abp="2660">white-fleshed</em>), Winblo, Contender, Summer Pearl (<em abp="2661">white-fleshed</em>), Cresthaven, Encore, Legend. (<em abp="2662">Many varieties are the result of a peach breeding program at NCSU and have been developed for North Carolina </em>(<em abp="2663">see note 2</em>)).</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2664"><div abp="1628">
<div abp="967">
<div abp="1965">
Self-fruitful. Do not require pollination by other varieties.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2665"><div abp="1630">
<div abp="970">
<div abp="1969">
A multipurpose fungicide and insecticide spray program will be needed during the growing season.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2666"><div abp="1632">
<div abp="973">
<div abp="1973">
Only varieties that require 750 hours of chilling are recommended.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2667"><td abp="2668"><div abp="1635">
<div abp="977">
<div abp="1978">
<strong abp="2669">Pears</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2670"><div abp="1638">
<div abp="981">
<div abp="1983">
Moonglow, Magness (<em abp="2671">not a pollen source</em>], Kieffer, Harrow Delight, Harrow Sweet, Harvest Queen, Seckel.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2672"><div abp="1641">
<div abp="985">
<div abp="1988">
At least two varieties are recommended to ensure adequate pollination.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2673"><div abp="1643">
<div abp="988">
<div abp="1992">
Plant only fire blight-resistant varieties.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2674"><div abp="1645">
<div abp="991">
<div abp="1996">
Pears bloom earlier than apples and should be planted on higher sites.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2675"><td abp="2676"><div abp="1648">
<div abp="995">
<div abp="2001">
<strong abp="2677">Pecans</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2678"><div abp="2679">
<div abp="1652">
<div abp="1000">
<div abp="2007">
<strong abp="2680">Type I:</strong> Cape Fear and Pawnee.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2681">
<div abp="1655">
<div abp="1004">
<div abp="2012">
<strong abp="2682">Type II:</strong> Stuart, Forkert, Sumner, Kiowa, Gloria Grande</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2683"><div abp="1658">
<div abp="1008">
<div abp="2017">
Pollination by another variety is essential. One variety from each of the two groups must be used for pollination.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2684"><div abp="1660">
<div abp="1011">
<div abp="2021">
Scab is the most serious disease in North Carolina. However, a fungicide spray program is usually not practical.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2685"><div abp="1662">
<div abp="1014">
<div abp="2025">
Careful variety selection is essential to avoid frost or freeze problems and to allow a long enough season for maturation.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2686"><td abp="2687"><div abp="1665">
<div abp="1018">
<div abp="2030">
<strong abp="2688">Persimmons</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2689"><div abp="1668">
<div abp="1022">
<div abp="2035">
Fuyu, Jiro, Hanagosho (<em abp="2690">very good pollen source</em>). (<em abp="2691">Only large-fruited Oriental persimmons are recommended for North Carolina.</em>)</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2692"><div abp="1672">
<div abp="1027">
<div abp="2041">
Pollination is not required for fruit set but is recommended.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2693"><div abp="1674">
<div abp="1030">
<div abp="2045">
No serious disease problems.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2694"><div abp="1676">
<div abp="1033">
<div abp="2049">
If nonastringent varieties are planted, fruit may not be suitable for eating until they are fully mature and their flesh is soft.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2695"><td abp="2696"><div abp="1679">
<div abp="1037">
<div abp="2054">
<strong abp="2697">Plums</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2698"><div abp="2699">
<div abp="1683">
<div abp="1042">
<div abp="2060">
<strong abp="2700">Japanese:</strong> Methley (<em abp="2701">self-fruitful</em>), Byrongold, Burbank, Ozark Premier (<em abp="2702">may bloom early</em>).</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2703">
<div abp="1688">
<div abp="1048">
<div abp="2067">
<strong abp="2704">European:</strong> Bluefre, Stanley, Shrophire (Damson) (<em abp="2705">see note 2</em>)</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2706"><div abp="1692">
<div abp="1053">
<div abp="2073">
Some varieties are self-fruitful, but planting two varieties is recommended.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2707"><div abp="1694">
<div abp="1056">
<div abp="2077">
A multipurpose fungicide-insecticide spray program will be needed during the growing season.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2708"><div abp="2709">
<div abp="1697">
<div abp="1060">
<div abp="2082">
Later blooming varieties should be selected to avoid damaging spring temperatures.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2710"><td abp="2711" colspan="5"><div abp="1700">
<div abp="1064">
<div abp="2087">
<strong abp="2712">Note 1.</strong> Pollination requirements for apples vary with variety. For varieties requiring cross-pollination, it is recommended that at least two varieties with overlapping bloom periods be planted together. For self-fruitful varieties, pollination by another variety will increase yield and quality.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="1702">
<div abp="1067">
<div abp="2091">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="1703">
<div abp="1069">
<div abp="2094">
<strong abp="2715">Note 2.</strong> To break bud and grow properly in the spring, peaches, nectarines, and plums must be exposed to temperatures in the 40°F range for a required number of hours during the dormant season. This period is referred to as the chilling requirement. In North Carolina, varieties with chilling requirements of at least 750 hours are recommended to prevent trees from blossoming too early in the spring, which increases the risk of freeze damage and resultant crop loss.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div abp="2716">
<div abp="1706">
<div abp="1073">
<div abp="2099">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr abp="2717" />
<div abp="2718">
<div abp="1709">
<div abp="1077">
<div abp="2104">
<strong abp="2719"><span abp="1079" style="font-size: large;">Rootstock Selection and Tree Spacing</span></strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2720">
<div abp="1712">
<div abp="1082">
<div abp="2110">
Almost all commercially available fruit trees have been budded or grafted; that is, the top portion, or <em abp="2721">scion</em>, of the desired fruit variety is attached to the root system, or <em abp="2722">rootstock</em>, of a different variety. Trees are grown this way because some popular varieties grow and crop better on rootstocks other than their own. In some cases, the rootstock is more resistant to certain troublesome diseases. In the case of apple trees, the rootstock can be chosen to limit growth, producing trees that crop well and are easier to manage than full-sized trees. The choice of rootstock is very important for some fruits, such as apples, but not of much consequence for others.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="1715">
<div abp="1086">
<div abp="2115">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2723">
<div abp="1717">
<div abp="1089">
<div abp="2119">
Apple trees are grown on a wide variety of rootstocks. These are called <em abp="2724">size-controlling </em>rootstocks because they control the size of the tree; however fruit size is not reduced (<a abp="2725" class="img_modal_trigger in_body" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1213">Figure 2</a>). In general, the smaller the tree, the sooner it will bear fruit after planting. Table 3 lists the rootstocks commonly used for apple trees and indicates their effect on tree size, using the "seedling" or standard rootstock as the basis of comparison. Thus, for example, the M.9 rootstock will produce a nonspur-type tree that is only 35 percent as large as it would be if grown on a seedling rootstock. The table also lists the time required for the trees to reach bearing age and the degree of rootstock resistance to two important diseases.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr abp="2726" />
<div abp="2727" class="table-responsive">
<table abp="2728" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" class="table table-striped" style="width: 100%;"><caption abp="2729"><strong abp="2730">Table 3. Commercially available apple rootstocks and their characteristics.</strong></caption><thead abp="2731">
<tr abp="2732"><th abp="2733" scope="col"><div abp="1728">
<div abp="1101">
<div abp="2132">
Rootstock</div>
</div>
</div>
</th><th abp="2734" scope="col"><div abp="1730">
<div abp="1104">
<div abp="2136">
Percentage of Seedling</div>
</div>
</div>
</th><th abp="2735" scope="col"><div abp="1732">
<div abp="1107">
<div abp="2140">
Tree Size as Percentage of Seedling (Spur)<sup abp="2736">a</sup></div>
</div>
</div>
</th><th abp="2737" scope="col"><div abp="1735">
<div abp="1111">
<div abp="2145">
Fruit Bearing Age (Years)</div>
</div>
</div>
</th><th abp="2738" scope="col"><div abp="1737">
<div abp="1114">
<div abp="2149">
Resistance to Crown Rot</div>
</div>
</div>
</th><th abp="2739" scope="col"><div abp="1739">
<div abp="1117">
<div abp="2153">
Resistance to Fire Blight</div>
</div>
</div>
</th></tr>
</thead><tbody abp="2740">
<tr abp="2741"><td abp="2742"><div abp="1743">
<div abp="1122">
<div abp="2159">
Seedling</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2743"><div abp="1745">
<div abp="1125">
<div abp="2163">
100</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2744"><div abp="1747">
<div abp="1128">
<div abp="2167">
80</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2745"><div abp="1749">
<div abp="1131">
<div abp="2171">
6-10</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2746"><div abp="1751">
<div abp="1134">
<div abp="2175">
Medium</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2747"><div abp="1753">
<div abp="1137">
<div abp="2179">
High</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2748"><td abp="2749"><div abp="1756">
<div abp="1141">
<div abp="2184">
MM.111</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2750"><div abp="1758">
<div abp="1144">
<div abp="2188">
85</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2751"><div abp="1760">
<div abp="1147">
<div abp="2192">
70</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2752"><div abp="1762">
<div abp="1150">
<div abp="2196">
4-6</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2753"><div abp="1764">
<div abp="1153">
<div abp="2200">
Medium</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2754"><div abp="1766">
<div abp="1156">
<div abp="2204">
Low</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2755"><td abp="2756"><div abp="1769">
<div abp="1160">
<div abp="2209">
MM.106</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2757"><div abp="1771">
<div abp="1163">
<div abp="2213">
80</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2758"><div abp="1773">
<div abp="1166">
<div abp="2217">
70</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2759"><div abp="1775">
<div abp="1169">
<div abp="2221">
3-4</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2760"><div abp="1777">
<div abp="1172">
<div abp="2225">
Very Low</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2761"><div abp="1779">
<div abp="1175">
<div abp="2229">
Low</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2762"><td abp="2763"><div abp="1782">
<div abp="1179">
<div abp="2234">
M.7a</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2764"><div abp="1784">
<div abp="1182">
<div abp="2238">
70</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2765"><div abp="1786">
<div abp="1185">
<div abp="2242">
60</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2766"><div abp="1788">
<div abp="1188">
<div abp="2246">
3-4</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2767"><div abp="1790">
<div abp="1191">
<div abp="2250">
Medium</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2768"><div abp="1792">
<div abp="1194">
<div abp="2254">
High</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2769"><td abp="2770"><div abp="1795">
<div abp="1198">
<div abp="2259">
M.26</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2771"><div abp="1797">
<div abp="1201">
<div abp="2263">
50</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2772"><div abp="1799">
<div abp="1204">
<div abp="2267">
40</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2773"><div abp="1801">
<div abp="1207">
<div abp="2271">
2-4</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2774"><div abp="1803">
<div abp="1210">
<div abp="2275">
Medium</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2775"><div abp="1805">
<div abp="1213">
<div abp="2279">
Very Low</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2776"><td abp="2777"><div abp="1808">
<div abp="1217">
<div abp="2284">
Mark</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2778"><div abp="1810">
<div abp="1220">
<div abp="2288">
45</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2779"><div abp="1812">
<div abp="1223">
<div abp="2292">
35</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2780"><div abp="1814">
<div abp="1226">
<div abp="2296">
2-3</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2781"><div abp="1816">
<div abp="1229">
<div abp="2300">
Medium</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2782"><div abp="1818">
<div abp="1232">
<div abp="2304">
Low</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2783"><td abp="2784"><div abp="1821">
<div abp="1236">
<div abp="2309">
M.9</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2785"><div abp="1823">
<div abp="1239">
<div abp="2313">
35</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2786"><div abp="1825">
<div abp="1242">
<div abp="2317">
20</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2787"><div abp="1827">
<div abp="1245">
<div abp="2321">
2-3</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2788"><div abp="1829">
<div abp="1248">
<div abp="2325">
Medium</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2789"><div abp="1831">
<div abp="1251">
<div abp="2329">
Low</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2790"><td abp="2791" colspan="6"><div abp="1834">
<div abp="1255">
<div abp="2334">
<sup abp="2792">a </sup><a abp="2793" class="img_modal_trigger in_body" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1213">See Figure 2</a>.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div abp="2794">
<div abp="1838">
<div abp="1260">
<div abp="2340">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr abp="2795" />
<div abp="2796">
<div abp="1841">
<div abp="1264">
<div abp="2345">
Two categories of growth habit are included in the table: spur and nonspur. Trees with a spur-type growth habit bear the majority of their fruit on very short branches called spurs. Nonspur varieties produce fruit on longer branches. Since spur-type varieties have fewer long branches, the trees are more compact.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="1842">
<div abp="1266">
<div abp="2348">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2797">
<div abp="1844">
<div abp="1269">
<div abp="2352">
Because the choice of rootstock affects the size of the trees, it also affects the optimum spacing between the trees. Table 4 gives the recommended distance between trees for both spur and nonspur varieties. Note that very vigorous varieties should be spaced farther apart.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr abp="2798" />
<div abp="2799" class="table-responsive">
<table abp="2800" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" class="table table-striped" style="width: 100%;"><caption abp="2801"><strong abp="2802">Table 4. Recommended planting distances for apple trees grown on size-controlling rootstocks.</strong><br abp="2358" />
</caption><thead abp="2803">
<tr abp="2804"><th abp="2805" scope="col"><div abp="1853">
<div abp="1279">
<div abp="2364">
<strong abp="2806">Rootstock</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</th><th abp="2807" colspan="3" rowspan="1" scope="col"><div abp="2808">
<div abp="1857">
<div abp="1284">
<div abp="2370">
Distance Between Trees (feet)</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</th></tr>
</thead><tbody abp="2809">
<tr abp="2810"><td abp="2811"></td><td abp="2812"><div abp="1862">
<div abp="1290">
<div abp="2377">
<strong abp="2813">Nonspur Varieties</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2814"><div abp="1865">
<div abp="1294">
<div abp="2382">
<strong abp="2815">Spur Varieties<sup abp="2816">a</sup></strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2817"><div abp="1869">
<div abp="1299">
<div abp="2388">
<strong abp="2818">Very Vigorous Varieties<sup abp="2819">b</sup></strong></div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2820"><td abp="2821"><div abp="1874">
<div abp="1305">
<div abp="2395">
Seedling</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2822"><div abp="1876">
<div abp="1308">
<div abp="2399">
18-25</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2823"><div abp="1878">
<div abp="1311">
<div abp="2403">
12-16</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2824"><div abp="1880">
<div abp="1314">
<div abp="2407">
25-35</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2825"><td abp="2826"><div abp="1883">
<div abp="1318">
<div abp="2412">
MM.111</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2827"><div abp="1885">
<div abp="1321">
<div abp="2416">
14-18</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2828"><div abp="1887">
<div abp="1324">
<div abp="2420">
9-12</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2829"><div abp="1889">
<div abp="1327">
<div abp="2424">
20-25</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2830"><td abp="2831"><div abp="1892">
<div abp="1331">
<div abp="2429">
MM.106</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2832"><div abp="1894">
<div abp="1334">
<div abp="2433">
12-16</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2833"><div abp="1896">
<div abp="1337">
<div abp="2437">
8-11</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2834"><div abp="1898">
<div abp="1340">
<div abp="2441">
17-22</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2835"><td abp="2836"><div abp="1901">
<div abp="1344">
<div abp="2446">
M.7a</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2837"><div abp="1903">
<div abp="1347">
<div abp="2450">
10-14</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2838"><div abp="1905">
<div abp="1350">
<div abp="2454">
7-9</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2839"><div abp="1907">
<div abp="1353">
<div abp="2458">
14-20</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2840"><td abp="2841"><div abp="1910">
<div abp="1357">
<div abp="2463">
M.26</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2842"><div abp="1912">
<div abp="1360">
<div abp="2467">
8-12</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2843"><div abp="1914">
<div abp="1363">
<div abp="2471">
5-8</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2844"><div abp="1916">
<div abp="1366">
<div abp="2475">
11-17</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2845"><td abp="2846"><div abp="1919">
<div abp="1370">
<div abp="2480">
Mark</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2847"><div abp="1921">
<div abp="1373">
<div abp="2484">
6-8</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2848"><div abp="1923">
<div abp="1376">
<div abp="2488">
4-5</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2849"><div abp="1925">
<div abp="1379">
<div abp="2492">
8-11</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2850"><td abp="2851"><div abp="1928">
<div abp="1383">
<div abp="2497">
M.9</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2852"><div abp="1930">
<div abp="1386">
<div abp="2501">
4-8</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2853"><div abp="1932">
<div abp="1389">
<div abp="2505">
3-5</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2854"><div abp="1934">
<div abp="1392">
<div abp="2509">
6-11</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2855"><td abp="2856" colspan="4"><div abp="1937">
<div abp="1396">
<div abp="2514">
<sup abp="2857">a </sup>For spur-type varieties such as Redchief Red Delicious, Starkrimson Red Delicious, Lawspur Rome, and Oregon Spur.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="1939">
<div abp="1399">
<div abp="2518">
<sup abp="2859">b </sup>For very vigorous varieties such as Rome Beauty, Granny Smith, and Jonagold.</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div abp="2860">
<div abp="1942">
<div abp="1403">
<div abp="2523">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr abp="2861" />
<div abp="2862">
<div abp="1945">
<div abp="1407">
<div abp="2528">
Apple trees on rootstocks of a size class smaller than M.7a bear fruit while they are still very young. They should be supported by stakes to promote optimum growth and to help support the fruit load in the early years. Use 10-foot stakes and drive them 2 feet into the ground. Stakes are commonly made from 1-inch-diameter aluminum electrical conduit or 3-inch-diameter wooden posts. Tie the tree loosely to the above-ground portion of the stake. Strips of plastic or heavy-duty canvas or cloth can be used as ties. Do not use materials that will restrict tree growth or girdle the tree.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="1946">
<div abp="1409">
<div abp="2531">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2863">
<div abp="1948">
<div abp="1412">
<div abp="2535">
Peaches, nectarines, and plums are also affected by choice of rootstock. In the Southeast, trees are susceptible to peach tree short life (PTSL), a condition that causes sudden death of the tree after only four or five years of growth. With proper rootstock selection, nematode suppression, and cultural practices, the threat of this condition can be minimized. At present, only trees grown on Lovell or Halford rootstock are recommended for use in North Carolina. Trees grown on these rootstocks should be spaced 20 feet apart. Spacing recommendations for other fruit trees are given in Table 5.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr abp="2864" />
<div abp="2865" class="table-responsive">
<table abp="2866" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" class="table table-striped" style="width: 100%;"><caption abp="2867"><strong abp="2868">Table 5. Spacing requirements for other tree fruits.</strong><br abp="1418" />
<strong abp="1419"></strong> </caption><thead abp="2869">
<tr abp="2870"><th abp="2871" scope="col"><div abp="1957">
<div abp="1424">
<div abp="2548">
Fruit Crop</div>
</div>
</div>
</th><th abp="2872" scope="col"><div abp="1959">
<div abp="1427">
<div abp="2552">
Minimum Spacing Between Trees (feet)</div>
</div>
</div>
</th></tr>
</thead><tbody abp="2873">
<tr abp="2874"><td abp="2875"><div abp="1963">
<div abp="1432">
<div abp="2558">
Asian Pears</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2876"><div abp="1965">
<div abp="1435">
<div abp="2562">
20</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2877"><td abp="2878"><div abp="1968">
<div abp="1439">
<div abp="2567">
Chestnuts</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2879"><div abp="1970">
<div abp="1442">
<div abp="2571">
40</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2880"><td abp="2881"><div abp="1973">
<div abp="1446">
<div abp="2576">
Figs</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2882"><div abp="1975">
<div abp="1449">
<div abp="2580">
10</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2883"><td abp="2884"><div abp="1978">
<div abp="1453">
<div abp="2585">
Pears</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2885"><div abp="1980">
<div abp="1456">
<div abp="2589">
20</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2886"><td abp="2887"><div abp="1983">
<div abp="1460">
<div abp="2594">
Pecans</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2888"><div abp="1985">
<div abp="1463">
<div abp="2598">
70<sup abp="2889">a</sup></div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2890"><td abp="2891"><div abp="1989">
<div abp="1468">
<div abp="2604">
Persimmons</div>
</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="2892"><div abp="1991">
<div abp="1471">
<div abp="2608">
15</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="2893"><td abp="2894" colspan="2"><div abp="1994">
<div abp="1475">
<div abp="2613">
<sup abp="2895">a </sup>At maturity, approximately 20 years</div>
</div>
</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div abp="2896">
<div abp="1997">
<div abp="1479">
<div abp="2618">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr abp="2897" />
<div abp="2898" class="row image_row">
<div abp="2899" class="col-md-3 img-md-2">
<div abp="2900" class="img_div img-thumbnail">
<div abp="2002">
<div abp="1485">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a abp="2901" class="img_modal_trigger" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1213" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="2902" alt="Figure 2" src="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/media/images/ag28fig2.gif" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Figure 2. Tree size shown as a percentage of the size the tree would reach if grown on a seedling, or standard, rootstock. Nickola Dudley</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div abp="2625">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2916" class="section">
<div abp="2009">
<div abp="1495">
<div abp="2638">
<span abp="2010" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="2011">Planting</strong></span><a abp="2917" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="section_heading_2995"></a><span abp="2918" class="pull-right hidden-print"><a abp="2919" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#section_heading_2995"><span abp="2920" class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2921" class="section">
<div abp="2017">
<div abp="1504">
<div abp="2648">
The best planting time in North Carolina is late fall or early winter. The roots will then be able to grow through the winter, resulting in greater tree growth during the first season, which ultimately leads to larger trees. Young fruit trees are commonly shipped "bare root" with the exposed roots wrapped in moist sawdust. Plant the trees as soon as possible after purchase.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2018">
<div abp="1506">
<div abp="2651">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2922" class="section">
<div abp="2020">
<div abp="1509">
<div abp="2655">
To plant a tree, dig a hole twice the size of the root system. The sides of the hole should be loose, not packed down by the force of the shovel. Cut off damaged roots at the point of injury. Shorten roots that are especially long and will not fit in the hole. Roots that are not shortened will wrap around the tree hole and eventually girdle the root system, reducing tree growth in later years (<a abp="2923" class="img_modal_trigger in_body" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1214">Figure 3</a>).</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2022">
<div abp="1512">
<div abp="2659">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2924" class="section">
<div abp="2024">
<div abp="1515">
<div abp="2663">
In <a abp="2925" class="img_modal_trigger in_body" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1214">Figure 3</a>, the figure on the left shows an improperly planted fruit tree. The hole is too narrow and shallow, forcing the roots to be wrapped in the hole, which may eventually girdle the tree. The graft union is also planted below the soil surface, which will negate the effect of the rootstock. The raised bed is not wide enough or deep enough to be of much benefit. The figure on the right shows the correct way to plant fruit trees.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2026">
<div abp="1518">
<div abp="2667">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2926" class="section">
<div abp="2028">
<div abp="1521">
<div abp="2671">
When planting a grafted tree, be sure that the graft union is 2 inches above the soil. If the graft union is below the soil surface, the top portion or scion will grow roots and negate the effect of the grafted root system.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2029">
<div abp="1523">
<div abp="2674">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2927" class="section">
<div abp="2031">
<div abp="1526">
<div abp="2678">
After the tree is in place, fill the hole with native soil, not potting soil. Adding organic matter or mulch to the soil can promote growth if these materials are mixed well with the soil. NEVER add fertilizer to the planting hole. Fertilizers are very caustic and can burn and kill the roots of young trees. After you have filled the hole, be sure to water the area well.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2032">
<div abp="1528">
<div abp="2681">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2928" class="section">
<div abp="2034">
<div abp="1531">
<div abp="2685">
During shipping, handling, and planting, roots are damaged. After planting young trees, prune the top of each tree. Pruning the tree top balances the root system and promotes vigorous growth in the spring. When working with unbranched trees, cut the tree off approximately 32 inches above the ground. For larger trees, remove <sup abp="2929">1</sup>⁄<sub abp="2930">3</sub> of the top of the tree.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2037">
<div abp="1535">
<div abp="2690">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2931" class="row image_row">
<div abp="2932" class="col-md-3 img-md-2">
<div abp="2933" class="img_div img-thumbnail">
<div abp="2041">
<div abp="1540">
<table abp="2981" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody abp="2982">
<tr abp="2983"><td abp="2984" style="text-align: center;"><a abp="2934" class="img_modal_trigger" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1214" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="2935" alt="Figure 3" src="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/media/images/ag28fig3.gif" /></a></td></tr>
<tr abp="2987"><td abp="2988" class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span abp="2989" style="font-size: small;">Figure 3. Nickola Dudley</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div abp="2696">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2938" aria-hidden="true" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel" class="modal fade" id="img_dialog_1214" role="dialog" tabindex="-1">
<div abp="2048">
<div abp="1550">
<div abp="2709">
<span abp="2049" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="2050">Weed Control</strong></span><a abp="2950" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="section_heading_2996"></a><span abp="2951" class="pull-right hidden-print"><a abp="2952" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#section_heading_2996"><span abp="2953" class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2948" class="section">
<div abp="2954">
<div abp="2057">
<div abp="1560">
<div abp="2720">
Weeds or grass growing between or under fruit trees compete for soil nutrients and moisture, reducing tree growth.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2058">
<div abp="1562">
<div abp="2723">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2955">
<div abp="2060">
<div abp="1565">
<div abp="2727">
Keep all vegetation under the trees controlled up to the drip line (the circle formed by the outermost branches of the tree). Avoid using mechanical cultivation to eliminate weeds because tree roots near the surface will be destroyed in the process. Weed whips are especially harmful. If the cutting line strikes the bark of the tree, it can crush layers of cells under the bark and girdle the tree without any visible signs, such as broken tree bark.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2061">
<div abp="1567">
<div abp="2730">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2956">
<div abp="2063">
<div abp="1570">
<div abp="2734">
Herbicides are an effective alternative, but be careful to follow the label directions and keep the herbicides off the tree.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2064">
<div abp="1572">
<div abp="2737">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2957">
<div abp="2066">
<div abp="1575">
<div abp="2741">
Another alternative is to mulch around the tree. A layer of mulch 4 to 6 inches deep will control weeds and conserve soil moisture. Note, however, that mulch can provide cover for voles or mice. These rodents burrow under the mulch and frequently gnaw tree trunks or roots, girdling the tree and killing it or impeding its growth. When using mulch, check for rodent pests. Prevent problems by placing guards around the base of the trees or use traps to control these pests. It may also be beneficial to pull the mulch back 1 foot around the tree trunk in the early fall.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2067">
<div abp="1577">
<div abp="2744">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2959" class="section">
<div abp="2069">
<div abp="1580">
<div abp="2748">
<span abp="2070" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="2071">Insects and Disease Control</strong></span><a abp="2960" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="section_heading_2997"></a><span abp="2961" class="pull-right hidden-print"><a abp="2962" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#section_heading_2997"><span abp="2963" class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2964" class="section">
<div abp="2077">
<div abp="1589">
<div abp="2758">
Unless properly managed, insects and diseases can seriously damage fruit trees and their crops.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2965" class="section">
<div abp="2079">
<div abp="1592">
<div abp="2762">
Pests can be controlled with commercial pesticides, and moderate control may be achieved using organic controls. Garden centers offer many materials, including multipurpose insect and disease control products. Treatment must be started before problems become severe, causing serious damage or crop loss. It is important to identify pests and diseases accurately so an effective treatment can be selected. Contact your county Cooperative Extension agent for assistance in identifying pests and for recommended control measures. Pest problems can also be reduced through proper sanitation. Remove and burn or bury dead, diseased, and damaged wood and fruit as soon as possible. Also, remove the leaves after they have fallen in autumn. Do not use the leaves as mulch. The infected leaves, wood, and fruit can provide a habitat in which insects and disease-causing organisms can overwinter. By taking time to maintain orchard sanitation, you can reduce insect and disease problems significantly. For additional information on disease and insect control, contact your county Cooperative Extension agent.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2080">
<div abp="1594">
<div abp="2765">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2967" class="section">
<div abp="2082">
<div abp="1597">
<div abp="2769">
<span abp="2083" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="2084">Fertility</strong></span><a abp="2968" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="section_heading_2998"></a><span abp="2969" class="pull-right hidden-print"><a abp="2970" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#section_heading_2998"><span abp="2971" class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2972" class="section">
<div abp="2090">
<div abp="1606">
<div abp="2779">
Tree fertility requires attention throughout the life of the tree, not just at planting time. However, applying fertilizer routinely without knowing whether it is needed can result in poor fruit quality and excessive tree growth. It can also waste money and contribute to environmental pollution. Annual soil analyses can keep you informed about the nutrients in the soil and the soil acidity. In addition to soil analyses, simple observation of the amount of vegetative growth can help in managing soil fertility. Trees with less than 10 inches of current season's growth on lateral branches may need fertilizer. On the other hand, trees with greater than 18 inches of growth may not need fertilizer for several years. Excessive tree growth can promote some pest problems.</div>
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<div abp="2973" class="section">
<div abp="2092">
<div abp="1609">
<div abp="2783">
If you must fertilize without benefit of a soil test or other information, a useful rule of thumb is to apply <sup abp="2974">3</sup>⁄<sub abp="2975">4</sub> to 1 pound of 10-10-10 fertilizer for each year of tree age. When fertilizer is used, it is usually applied in late winter. Fertilizer should be broadcast on the soil surface both inside and outside the drip line of the tree. Keep fertilizer at least 6 inches away from the trunks of young trees.</div>
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<div abp="2097">
<div abp="1616">
<div abp="2792">
<span abp="2098" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="2099">Fruit Thinning</strong></span><a abp="2978" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="section_heading_2999"></a><span abp="2979" class="pull-right hidden-print"><a abp="2980" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#section_heading_2999"><span abp="2981" class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a></span></div>
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<div abp="2982" class="section">
<div abp="2105">
<div abp="1625">
<div abp="2802">
Apples, nectarines, peaches, pears, and Asian pears must be thinned early in the season to prevent overproduction, which can result in smaller fruit, increased tree breakage, and in-creased insect and disease problems. A heavy crop also reduces the chances for an adequate crop the following year.</div>
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<div abp="2107">
<div abp="1628">
<div abp="2806">
Fruit should be thinned when they are about the size of a nickel. Remove enough fruit so that the remaining ones are spaced about 4 to 6 inches apart along the branch (<a abp="2984" class="img_modal_trigger in_body" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1215">Figure 4</a>). Even though it may look like very few fruit remain, the increased fruit size at harvest plus reduced risk of tree breakage and improved prospects for next year's crop will more than compensate for the reduced number of fruit.</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a abp="2988" class="img_modal_trigger" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#img_dialog_1215" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="2989" alt="Figure 4" src="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/media/images/ag28fig4.gif" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Figure 4. Fruit thinning. Top drawing: unthinned apple branch. Apples, pears, peaches, nectarines, and Asian pears should be thinned so that they are approximately 4 to 6 inches apart, as shown in the lower drawing. Nickola Dudley</span> </td></tr>
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<div abp="2120">
<div abp="1646">
<div abp="2828">
<span abp="2121" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="2122">Training and Pruning</strong></span><a abp="3004" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="section_heading_3000"></a><span abp="3005" class="pull-right hidden-print"><a abp="3006" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#section_heading_3000"><span abp="3007" class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a></span></div>
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<div abp="2128">
<div abp="1655">
<div abp="2838">
To ensure abundant harvests, you will need to train and prune your fruit trees regularly. For additional information on cultural practices, see Cooperative Extension Service publication AG-29, <em abp="3009"><a abp="3010" href="http://content.ces.ncsu.edu/training-and-pruning-fruit-trees-in-north-carolina.pdf">Training and Pruning Fruit Trees in North Carolina</a>.</em></div>
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<div abp="1659">
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<div abp="2133">
<div abp="1662">
<div abp="2847">
<span abp="2134" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="2135">Summary</strong></span><a abp="3013" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="section_heading_3001"></a><span abp="3014" class="pull-right hidden-print"><a abp="3015" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#section_heading_3001"><span abp="3016" class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a></span></div>
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<div abp="2141">
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<div abp="2857">
If you follow the suggestions in this publication and monitor your trees carefully, you will find that growing tree fruit can be a rewarding experience. As with any activity, experience will give you confidence to prune, train, and thin fruit trees properly. Remember that fruit trees, if properly cared for, will last and produce quality fruit for many years. Proper care is especially important during the first five to six years when the trees are not bearing fruit but the tree structure is developing.</div>
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<div abp="1673">
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<div abp="2144">
<div abp="1676">
<div abp="2864">
<span abp="2145" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="2146">Additional Sources of Information</strong></span><a abp="3020" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="section_heading_3002"></a><span abp="3021" class="pull-right hidden-print"><a abp="3022" href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/producing-tree-fruit-for-home-use#section_heading_3002"><span abp="3023" class="glyphicon glyphicon-link"></span></a></span></div>
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<div abp="3024" class="section">
<div abp="2152">
<div abp="1685">
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The following materials may be purchased by writing to the address listed below each publication.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="3025" class="section">
<div abp="2154">
<div abp="1688">
<div abp="2878">
<a abp="3026" href="http://horticulture.ces.ncsu.edu/">Extension Horticultural Science</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="3027" class="section">
<div abp="2157">
<div abp="1692">
<div abp="2883">
<strong abp="3028">Peach Production Handbook</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2159">
<div abp="1695">
<div abp="2887">
<em abp="3030">Published by</em></div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2161">
<div abp="1698">
<div abp="2891">
<a abp="3032" href="http://extension.uga.edu/">Georgia Cooperative Extension Service</a></div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2163">
<div abp="1701">
<div abp="2895">
Agricultural Business Office</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2164">
<div abp="1703">
<div abp="2898">
Conner Hall, Room 215</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2165">
<div abp="1705">
<div abp="2901">
The University of Georgia</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2166">
<div abp="1707">
<div abp="2904">
Athens, GA 30602</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2167">
<div abp="1709">
<div abp="2907">
For sale only ($20).</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="3038" class="section">
<div abp="2169">
<div abp="1712">
<div abp="2911">
<strong abp="3039">Pecan Production in the Southeast; A Guide for Growers</strong></div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2171">
<div abp="1715">
<div abp="2915">
<em abp="3041">Published by</em></div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2173">
<div abp="1718">
<div abp="2919">
<a abp="3043" href="http://www.aces.edu/main/">Alabama Cooperative Extension Service</a></div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2175">
<div abp="1721">
<div abp="2923">
Head, Information Services</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2176">
<div abp="1723">
<div abp="2926">
Alabama Cooperative Extension Service</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2177">
<div abp="1725">
<div abp="2929">
Auburn University, AL 36849-5623</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2178">
<div abp="1727">
<div abp="2932">
For sale only ($31).</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="2179">
<div abp="1729">
<div abp="2935">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div abp="3049" class="container authors">
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<span abp="2182" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="2183">Author:</strong></span></div>
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<dl abp="3052">
<dt abp="3053"><span abp="3054" itemprop="author">Michael Parker, Extension Horticulture Specialist and Associate Professor (Tree Fruits/Pecans)Horticultural Science </span></dt>
<dt abp="3053"><span abp="3054" itemprop="author">Publication date: Jan. 1, 1999, AG-28; Last updated: March 28, 2017 </span></dt>
<dt abp="3053"><div abp="64" class="b_attribution" u="0|5054|4685561957254651|DgZRB_ywr0tSv0OqMIwzhiNeXSAgUEkq">
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<cite abp="65"><span abp="1746" style="color: #006d21;">https://content.ces.<strong abp="66">ncsu</strong>.edu/<strong abp="67">producing-tree-fruit-for-home</strong>-use</span></cite><a abp="287" aria-haspopup="true" aria-label="Actions for this site" href="https://www.bing.com/search?q=ncsu+growing+fruit+at+home&qs=n&form=QBLH&pc=EUPP_&sp=-1&ghc=1&pq=undefined&sc=0-18&sk=&cvid=ACFD476243D64C4E8123F99B5F1B8DBB#" role="button"><span abp="288" class="c_tlbxTrg"><span abp="289" class="c_tlbxTrgIcn sw_ddgn"></span><span abp="290" class="c_tlbxH" h="BASE:CACHEDPAGEDEFAULT" k="SERP,5124.1"></span></span></a></div>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-49666263254288014522017-11-15T20:08:00.000-05:002017-11-15T20:08:02.803-05:00BOOKS: Ancient Oaks in the English Landscape <div style="text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVZ4Pf9Erhbr3TpavHeuJtT0S-AeK8wlnL5Z4u1GZXpeCfK8SZjaPFrF4zrJQj9K8tUUBNiQUILwngIVZahV-QDzZp8o_mMSq-CNjq_hl98qmY8Zf-KMvcQHsgiQLL1xRJhRyTw_goQ2k/s1600/Oak+Book.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img abp="1513" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="422" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVZ4Pf9Erhbr3TpavHeuJtT0S-AeK8wlnL5Z4u1GZXpeCfK8SZjaPFrF4zrJQj9K8tUUBNiQUILwngIVZahV-QDzZp8o_mMSq-CNjq_hl98qmY8Zf-KMvcQHsgiQLL1xRJhRyTw_goQ2k/s400/Oak+Book.jpg" width="337" /></a><strong><span style="font-size: large;">Ancient Oaks in the English Landscape</span></strong> </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Author: <a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&text=Aljos+Farjon&search-alias=books&field-author=Aljos+Farjon&sort=relevancerank">Aljos Farjon</a><br />Hardcover: 348 pages<br />Publisher: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (October 15, 2017)<br />ISBN-10: 1842466402<br />ISBN-13: 978-1842466407<br /><br />The ancient native oaks of England are a national treasure, beautiful and beloved. And England has more of them than the rest of Europe combined. How did that happen? How, as Europe was deforested over the course of centuries, did England manage to preserve so many ancient trees?<br /><br />Ancient Oaks in the English Landscape tells that story. It begins with the Norman Conquest in 1066. The Normans, and the nobility they put in place, created Royal Forests, chases, and deer parks where only the nobility could hunt or keep deer—and where, to protect that game, it was forbidden to cut trees. Thus, centuries before the modern conservation movement, the trees were preserved.<br /><br /> Other historical and social factors enabled that preservation to continue long after the decline of royalty. Private ownership of thousands of parks and estates, the ready availability of timber from overseas, and, crucially, the absence of major wars and their accompanying destruction brought the ancient forests into our era. By the time modern forestry truly took hold in England after World War I, it was too late to destroy the now worthless old and hollow oaks.<br /><br /> Bringing together history and science, Aljos Farjon tells this compelling story, illustrating it with stunning photographs and maps. The result is a beautiful, fitting celebration of England’s ancient oaks and the biodiversity they represent and foster.<br /><br />https://www.amazon.com/Ancient-English-Landscape-Aljos-Farjon/dp/1842466402/ref=sr_1_20?ie=UTF8&qid=1510793841&sr=8-20&keywords=english+oak+tree+book</div>
DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-65490090937745251622017-11-13T17:40:00.005-05:002017-11-15T19:52:00.706-05:00Garden Spotlight: Five Spectacular Gardens on Italy’s Lake Como<table abp="1586" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody abp="1587">
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<a abp="1719" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrxCChOmYZA48T11zYYSS39lfNvlwhxEwVAyk8cWHuFfIWXYkHtgFnEmDbhS8p0plWUk9DdVX6PQtO9LHGqMJo3WJwefevwNfMcfuNAcTh2VIt3Hd6nDNdDbpnp9C5yddPYgErVMSzU_U/s1600/Villa-Monastero-Italy-1170x780.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="1720" border="0" data-original-height="780" data-original-width="1170" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrxCChOmYZA48T11zYYSS39lfNvlwhxEwVAyk8cWHuFfIWXYkHtgFnEmDbhS8p0plWUk9DdVX6PQtO9LHGqMJo3WJwefevwNfMcfuNAcTh2VIt3Hd6nDNdDbpnp9C5yddPYgErVMSzU_U/s640/Villa-Monastero-Italy-1170x780.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span abp="1596" style="font-size: small;">Villa Monastero, Lake Como, Italy. Stillman Rogers Photography.</span></div>
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<em abp="1601">By</em> <em abp="1602">Barbara Radcliffe Rogers </em></div>
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<em abp="1604">GardenDestinations.com</em></div>
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Ever since the ancient Romans escaped the summer heat in villas overlooking Lake Como, travelers have loved this scenic Italian lake. <span abp="284" id="more-1191"></span>With the craggy Alps for a backdrop, a unique microclimate where topical plants thrive, and a long history of lavish summer estates, Lake Como is surrounded by some of Italy’s most beautiful gardens. Lush foliage and brilliant flowers frame views across the lake to peaks that stay snow-capped well into summer. The shore rises steeply, so gardens cascade above the water, and descend in terraces decorated by statues and fountains.</div>
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<span abp="1614" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="1615">Villa Carlotta</strong></span></div>
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The climate is especially mild on the central western shore, known as the Tremezzo Riviera. Here in the late 17th century, a marquis from Milan built a villa, now called <a abp="1618" href="http://www.villacarlotta.it/home.php?pag_id=9&sez_id=13&lang_id=2">Villa Carlotta</a>, surrounding it with a terraced garden typical of the Italian style. You can recognize its geometric symmetry studded with fountains and statues. Also close to the villa you’ll find the oldest and rarest of Villa Carlotta’s famed camellias.</div>
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The gardens were later extended into the park you can stroll through today, redolent of the Romantic era, with sweeping vistas, woodland paths and venerable cedars and sequoias. In 1843 Princess Carlotta of Prussia added long alleys of azalea and rhododendron. Today Villa Carlotta’s gardens are most famous for these. As many as 150 different varieties of azalea, bloom in April and May against a backdrop of towering Rhododendron arboretum, native to the Himalayas.</div>
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Just as you think you’ve seen them all, another of the villa’s gardens appears – a bamboo forest, a rock garden of succulents (even in this mild micro-climate these winter in a greenhouse), a valley of ferns, and artfully placed viewpoints over the lake. Inside the villa is a collection of sculpture that includes several of Canova’s best known works. Within walking distance along a shore promenade is the <a abp="1623" href="http://www.grandhoteltremezzo.com/">Grand Hotel Tremezzo</a>, with a lush terraced garden of its own.</div>
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<span abp="1627" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="1628">Villa Balbianello</strong></span></div>
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The baroque <a abp="1631" href="http://www.villabalbianello.com/">Villa Balbianello</a>, built for a 18th-century cardinal, crowns a high, narrow point to the south. The shape of the land and its steep shoreline made it impossible to surround the villa with Italianate or English-style gardens, but this unusual terrain was turned to advantage. Instead of concentrating on the plants as focal points, its designers used the scenery as the focus, creating gardens to frame it from every angle.</div>
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Visitors arrive by boat from Lenno, and climb a winding path through immaculately groomed grounds planted with sycamore, pine and ilex. On a terrace below the villa, life-sized statues and giant flower-filled urns top a stone balustrade, framing views of the lake, the wooded shores, distant mountains and surrounding villages. From late April through mid-June azaleas and rhododendrons are in full bloom. Movie-goers may recognize the villa’s loggia as the scene of Queen Amidala’s wedding in Star Wars or from the James Bond film, Casino Royale.</div>
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The attraction of Villa Balbianello is not so much its horticulture as the way plantings are combined with sculpture and architectural features to adorn the precipitous point and to perfectly spotlight scenery that unfolds in a constant progression. No matter where you stand the view is click-worthy.</div>
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<strong abp="1646">Villa Serbelloni</strong></span></div>
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Across the lake from Tremezzo (a ferry shuttles between them) is Bellagio, on the promontory that separates the two arms of the Y-shaped lake. Water almost surrounds the town, which climbs up the hill along steep lanes that turn into staircases. Above, <a abp="1649" href="http://www.bellagiolakecomo.com/bellagio-lake-como-italy/POI-points-of-interest/villa-serbelloni-garden">Villa Serbelloni</a> sits surrounded by 19th-century Italianate landscaping that gives perspective to the long vistas on three sides. Unlike Villa Balbianello’s more intimate views of nearby wooded shores and villages, Villa Serbelloni’s are distant and expansive. Instead of framing them, the successive garden terraces give them depth, highlighting their grandeur.</div>
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More than 10 miles of paths and avenues lead through terraced beds and borders of rare and exotic plants. The lower slope is an informal garden park, and above the villa a wooded hill rises to a scenic belvedere. Between are curving terraces of formal beds, pruned shrubs and English rose gardens bordered by boxwood.</div>
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Unfortunately, you cannot wander at leisure to enjoy the gardens. Access is only by tours, reserved at the Promobellagio office in Bellagio. The 90-minute tours are largely spent in the steep climb to the viewpoint at the top, leaving little time to smell the roses in the gardens below.</div>
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<span abp="1657" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="1658">Villa Melzi d’Eril</strong></span></div>
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In the town, a quite different garden stretches along a rare level spot of Como’s shore. The elegant and manicured grounds of <a abp="1661" href="http://www.giardinidivillamelzi.it/GIARDINI_DI_VILLA_MELZI/HOME_PAGE_ENG.html">Villa Melzi d’Eril </a>seem designed for leisurely strolls, more for pleasure and less for horticultural show. Their botanical interest is in the wide variety of trees – more than 50 different species – planted in an uncluttered arrangement with paths winding among them. Maps of the garden include a detailed numbered list of the trees with common and botanic names.</div>
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Designed in 1808, the gardens are open and uncluttered, decorated with occasional statues that include one of the goddess Pacht brought back from Egypt by Napoleon, who was a friend of the owner. Hidden among the trees are a Japanese garden and a water garden. A Moorish-style pavilion overlooks the lake, surrounded by cypresses, Michoacan pine (Pinus devoniana) and dwarf palms (Chamaerops humilis).</div>
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At the far end stands a neoclassical villa with a chapel and an orangerie, where there are often art exhibits. Although flowers are not the specialty here, like other nearby gardens, these are beautiful in the spring when azaleas and rhododendron are in bloom.</div>
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Villa Monastero</strong></span></div>
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The fifth notable garden overlooking Lake Como couldn’t be more different from Villa Melzi’s gentle green landscape. Farther north, on the eastern shore, the village of Varenna clings to a steep mountainside, and the 16th-century <a abp="1678" href="http://www.villamonastero.eu/">Villa Monastero</a> lies directly below the narrow main street. The almost vertical garden beside it, planted in the 20th-century, stretches in narrow terraces along more than a mile of steep shore. The plants are a mix of native and exotic, and architectural elements range from a neo-Moorish pavilion to an Italian Renaissance-style loggia.</div>
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Rows of cypresses, evergreen hedges and cedars of Lebanon (Cedrus libani) keep the narrow flower beds in line, while more ethereal shapes, such as the fan-like Mexican blue palm (Brahea armata) soften the effect. Among these and the citrus trees grows a remarkable collection of roses, while wisteria creates lavender cascades. Where Villa Melzi’s garden is in shades of green, Villa Monastero’s is a riot of color that changes through the growing season.</div>
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<strong abp="1684">WHEN YOU GO:</strong></div>
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<br /></div>
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Gardens are not the only attractions on Lake Como. You’ll find art, walking trails, historic sites from the Romans to World War II, even a natural chasm where a river has carved a swath of fantastic shapes out of solid stone. Pastel villages are filled with restaurants and cafes with lakeside terraces, and many of the fine villas are now hotels. Bellagio is a good base at the lake’s center.</div>
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Lodging options there range from the opulent <a abp="1689" href="http://www.villaserbelloni.com/">Grand Hotel Villa Serbelloni</a>, not to be confused with the gardens, to cozy family-owned guest houses. <a abp="1690" href="http://www.navigazionelaghi.it/">Dozens of boats a day shuttle</a> between towns, making any point on the lake an easy and inexpensive day trip.</div>
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See more photos and full article: <a abp="1694" href="http://www.gardendestinations.com/five-spectacular-gardens-on-italys-lake-como/">http://www.gardendestinations.com/five-spectacular-gardens-on-italys-lake-como/</a></div>
DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-24475397672911904832017-11-11T08:35:00.001-05:002017-11-11T08:37:56.398-05:002017 Durham VA Poinsettia Project to Honor Veterans<table abp="1283" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody abp="1284">
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<a abp="582" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYOY1NoNmtcM5RkRroI2ypajZFxlWhCFQX1a5CydXaopzO5_3kdDz99JpgoJJoGsImwS4UkIng_Qq-qVsaL_ngFHxFSPwrwf7zYA1DZ6qNwhq9OFEAlMxDp18q-wvjXzN43w4FzZq_64M/s1600/poinsettias.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="583" border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1237" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYOY1NoNmtcM5RkRroI2ypajZFxlWhCFQX1a5CydXaopzO5_3kdDz99JpgoJJoGsImwS4UkIng_Qq-qVsaL_ngFHxFSPwrwf7zYA1DZ6qNwhq9OFEAlMxDp18q-wvjXzN43w4FzZq_64M/s640/poinsettias.png" width="494" /></a></div>
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<tr abp="1290"><td abp="1291" class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div abp="1292">
<span abp="1293" style="font-size: small;">Honor a US Veteran by sponsoring a poinsettia for the Durham VA Chapel!</span></div>
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<span abp="1295" style="font-size: small;">Mail your order form to the Forest Hills Garden Club before Nov. 18 and gift a holiday poinsettia </span></div>
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<span abp="1297" style="font-size: small;">to a patient at the VA Medical Center.</span></div>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-60761587265901182092017-11-08T15:01:00.000-05:002017-11-11T08:58:46.087-05:00Documentary: 'Deeply Rooted: John Coykendall’s Journey To Save Our Seeds and Stories'<div abp="248">
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a abp="1270" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv0ALibcrMw30dsCcHb_Vp7_hi_4knyuR0cKDvkt6eMDgnOxBQzbm9Ug347KkcpiDHi2zbBlLbVB7PMcWh3KvnjstnBjmIeaQ6-OZI_2g7UrSbm5tTl5_OhyphenhyphenSOPwmFd-ZvL-iOfuaD8fA/s1600/Seed+Saver.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="1271" border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="720" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv0ALibcrMw30dsCcHb_Vp7_hi_4knyuR0cKDvkt6eMDgnOxBQzbm9Ug347KkcpiDHi2zbBlLbVB7PMcWh3KvnjstnBjmIeaQ6-OZI_2g7UrSbm5tTl5_OhyphenhyphenSOPwmFd-ZvL-iOfuaD8fA/s640/Seed+Saver.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
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<div abp="1284">
<span abp="253" style="font-size: small;">John Coykendall's work to preserve heirloom seeds is the subject of the documentary "Deeply Rooted" </span></div>
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<span abp="255" style="font-size: small;">and can be viewed in its entirety for a short time on Lousiana PBS. </span></div>
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<a abp="257" href="http://www.lpb.org/index.php/site/programs/deeply_rooted"><span abp="258" style="font-size: small;">http://www.lpb.org/index.php/site/programs/deeply_rooted</span></a></div>
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<div abp="1272">
<br />
For nearly four decades, John Coykendall’s passion has been preserving the farm heritage – the seeds and stories - of a small, farming culture in Southeastern Louisiana and this work is the subject of a new documentary from Louisiana Public Broadcasting. <br />
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John Coykendall is a renowned heirloom seed saver, a classically trained artist, and Master Gardener at Tennessee's Blackberry Farm, one of America’s top farm-to-table resorts. Since 1973, he has made an annual pilgrimage to Louisiana, where he has recorded the oral histories, growing techniques, recipes and folktales of Louisiana farmers and backyard gardeners in more than 80 beautifully illustrated journals. He has saved and safeguarded rare varieties of the crops they once grew, and handed them back to the communities where they came from. </div>
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"Seeds carry with them more than the potential to sustain people as food, they are living history of the people who cared and tended to them and cultivated them and passed them down. I feel 100-percent total obligation, I am the caretaker," believes Coykendall. "This is what we’re working to save, this history, the heritage, the way of life, the way of farming, way of cuisine, everything to do needs to be preserved while its still here to be preserved." <br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPy6kKb_pPdT6Eg8Eq6BV2gDrkH4Z2k35bBaihhE7hvicB7nN0F1HrG5ltaxb2xTU4V5Dg6oi4DgHupLkw9jUSwd4lUCCjr2kbVinItpAySpzg7ZN51JJ-0DHCdPmfDpvl052dhdbZB1g/s1600/Seed+Saver2.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPy6kKb_pPdT6Eg8Eq6BV2gDrkH4Z2k35bBaihhE7hvicB7nN0F1HrG5ltaxb2xTU4V5Dg6oi4DgHupLkw9jUSwd4lUCCjr2kbVinItpAySpzg7ZN51JJ-0DHCdPmfDpvl052dhdbZB1g/s640/Seed+Saver2.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pages from John's journals of the oral histories from farmers in the Washington Parish, Louisiana.</span><br />
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This documentary is nominated for two 2017 Suncoast Emmy Awards and is being nationally distributed by American Public Television. Contact your local PBS station for broadcast information.</div>
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<a abp="19" href="http://www.lpb.org/index.php/site/programs/deeply_rooted">http://www.lpb.org/index.php/site/programs/deeply_rooted</a></div>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-10220817597279898942017-11-06T20:04:00.000-05:002017-11-06T20:40:35.440-05:00Pest Spotlight: Eutypella Canker on Maple Trees<div abp="489">
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<span abp="246" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="247">Eutypella Canker</strong></span></div>
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<table abp="103" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody abp="104">
<tr abp="105"><td abp="106" style="text-align: center;"><div abp="496">
<div abp="15">
<a abp="110" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAwh3K1FuVU8lcflyhDpaxNUxmd8hyRhEqfryG6d0Lj6vGmWfUpD8gMLIJrbkxBRU2ovc7KBHgB8iazh4YaTL5OcZouvMDpdtBLIl3yl__XmSOhNKa2oKrNFTnAUf280acNIrfoR-6I5c/s1600/maple.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="111" border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="576" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAwh3K1FuVU8lcflyhDpaxNUxmd8hyRhEqfryG6d0Lj6vGmWfUpD8gMLIJrbkxBRU2ovc7KBHgB8iazh4YaTL5OcZouvMDpdtBLIl3yl__XmSOhNKa2oKrNFTnAUf280acNIrfoR-6I5c/s640/maple.jpg" width="480" /></a></div>
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<tr abp="112"><td abp="113" class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div abp="501">
<div abp="21">
<span abp="114"><span abp="116" style="font-size: small;">Eutypella Canker On Maple. <span abp="117"><span abp="118" class="cap_items"><span abp="119"><a abp="120" h="ID=images.2_1,5105.1" href="https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Insect&FORM=IDBBCQ" title="Search for: Insect"><span abp="121" style="color: #001ba0; font-size: small;">Insects</span></a><span abp="122" style="font-size: small;"> boring into pine trees often result in pitch </span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span abp="114">
<span abp="114"><span abp="124" style="font-size: small;"><span abp="125"><span abp="126" class="cap_items"><span abp="127"><span abp="128" style="font-size: small;">or sap seen on the bole or branches. <span abp="129"><span abp="130" class="cap_items"><span abp="131"><span abp="132" style="font-size: small;">Photo by University of Georgia.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<div abp="134" class="author">
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<div abp="48">
<em abp="49">By Rebecca Koetter and Michelle Grabowski</em></div>
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<em abp="54">S. Schimek, MN Dept. of Agriculture</em></div>
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<span abp="248" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="249">Importance</strong></span></div>
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<div abp="65">
Eutypella canker is common on maple trees (<em abp="143">Acer</em> spp.) in landscape plantings and in natural areas. Cankers often form on the main trunk or major branches of the tree. Small trees that are less than 4 inches in diameter are commonly killed when the canker girdles the main trunk. On older trees a perennial canker forms. This is a very slow growing disease that trees will battle for decades before decay turns the tree into a hazard that requires the tree to be removed. </div>
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<span abp="548" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="549">Pathogen and susceptible plants</strong></span></div>
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Eutypella canker is a fungal disease caused by <em abp="146">Eutypella parasitica</em>. All trees in the genus Acer are susceptible to this disease (Table 1) including all maples that grow in Minnesota, box elder and sycamore trees. No species, or cultivars of the genus <em abp="147">Acer</em> (maples) have resistance to Eutypella canker, but no other shade trees are commonly affected by the disease.</div>
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<strong abp="149"></strong> </div>
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<strong abp="151">Table 1. </strong>Maples affected by Eutypella canker</div>
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<table abp="152" class="basicTable"><thead abp="153">
<tr abp="154"><th abp="155"><div abp="565">
<div abp="93">
Common name</div>
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</th><th abp="156"><div abp="567">
<div abp="96">
Scientific name</div>
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</th></tr>
</thead><tbody abp="157">
<tr abp="158"><td abp="159"><div abp="571">
<div abp="101">
Black maple</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="160"><div abp="573">
<div abp="104">
<em abp="161">Acer nigrum</em></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr abp="162"><td abp="163"><div abp="577">
<div abp="109">
Box elder</div>
</div>
</td><td abp="164"><div abp="579">
<div abp="112">
<em abp="165"> Acer negundo</em></div>
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</td></tr>
<tr abp="166"><td abp="167"><div abp="583">
<div abp="117">
Norway maple</div>
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</td><td abp="168"><div abp="585">
<div abp="120">
<em abp="169">Acer platanoides</em></div>
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</td></tr>
<tr abp="170"><td abp="171"><div abp="589">
<div abp="125">
Red maple</div>
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</td><td abp="172"><div abp="591">
<div abp="128">
<em abp="173">Acer rubrum</em></div>
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<tr abp="174"><td abp="175"><div abp="595">
<div abp="133">
Silver maple</div>
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</td><td abp="176"><div abp="597">
<div abp="136">
<em abp="177">Acer saccharinum</em></div>
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</td></tr>
<tr abp="178"><td abp="179"><div abp="601">
<div abp="141">
Sugar maple</div>
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</td><td abp="180"><div abp="603">
<div abp="144">
<em abp="181">Acer saccarum</em></div>
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</tbody></table>
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<span abp="184" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="185">Identification </strong></span></div>
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<li abp="189"><div abp="190" class="credit">
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Cankers are typically within 9 feet of the ground, centered on branch stubs or wounds.</div>
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<div abp="617">
<div abp="162">
Young cankers are round to elliptical, slightly sunken or flattened and hidden behind bark.</div>
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Bark near the center of cankers that are 6 to 8 years old are darkened by black fungal fruiting bodies.</div>
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<div abp="170">
When bark is removed from the edge of the canker chalky white to tan colored mycelia (mats of fungal cells) can be seen.</div>
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<div abp="174">
On some tree species, canker edges are raised or appear swollen with a flattened or sunken center.</div>
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Bark falls off the face of old cankers, revealing a target shaped pattern of annual rings of cork wood.</div>
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Cankers can grow up to 5 feet long with age.</div>
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<tr abp="638"><td abp="639" style="text-align: center;"><div abp="640">
<div abp="194">
<img abp="201" alt="white coloring on tree trunk" src="http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/yard-garden/trees-shrubs/eutypella-canker/img/eutypella_canker_small.jpg" height="320" width="239" /></div>
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<tr abp="646"><td abp="647" class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div abp="202" class="credit">
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<span abp="650" style="font-size: small;">Cream colored fungal mycelia at the edge of the canker.</span></div>
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<span abp="653" style="font-size: small;">Photo by M.Grabowski, UMN Extension</span></div>
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<div abp="205">
<span abp="655" style="font-size: x-small;"><span abp="656" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="208"></strong></span></span><br />
<span abp="655" style="font-size: x-small;"><span abp="656" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="208">Biology</strong></span></span></div>
</div>
<div abp="209">
During rainy weather spores are ejected into the air from infected wood and can travel more than 75 feet on the wind. The fungus infects recently wounded or newly pruned small branches. Once in the tree, the fungus makes itself at home underneath the bark where it will penetrate into the wood and expand outward up to 1 inch per year. It kills the phloem (vascular cells that transport sugars from the leaves throughout the tree), the cambium (undeveloped cells that grow into new vascular cells) and can even invade and decay the sapwood of the tree. This decay can extend up to a foot into the tree and many trees infected with Eutypella canker break during strong storms and in high winds.</div>
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<div abp="212">
Each year during the growing season the tree will try to defend itself by creating a layer of wound wood around the edge of the canker. When the tree goes dormant for the season, the fungus breaks into this barrier and continues its progress. This back and forth growth can continue for decades. In very old cankers where the bark has finally sloughed off, rings of growth can be seen that reflect this annual battle between fungus and tree.</div>
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<span abp="671" style="font-size: large;"><strong abp="672">Management</strong></span></div>
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<a abp="212" href="http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/yard-garden/trees-shrubs/eutypella-canker/img/eutypella_135.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="213" alt="close up of deformed tree trunk" src="http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/yard-garden/trees-shrubs/eutypella-canker/img/eutypella_135.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
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<div abp="684">
<div abp="233">
<span abp="685" style="font-size: small;"> Black spore producing structures on the face of an old canker.</span></div>
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<div abp="237">
<span abp="688" style="font-size: small;">Photo by M.Grabowski, UMN Extension </span></div>
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Avoid wounding the trunk or branches of susceptible hosts.</div>
</div>
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</li>
<li abp="222">When pruning maples or other <em abp="223">Acer</em> spp. it is necessary to make the cut correctly. Avoid wounding the main trunk. Never leave a branch stub. For details on how to make correct pruning cuts visit <a abp="224" href="https://s3.amazonaws.com/assets.cce.cornell.edu/attachments/2144/How-To-Correctly-Prune-A-Tree.pdf?1408630248">here</a>.</li>
<li abp="225">If a branch is infected, it should be pruned out and destroyed. Infected wood can be buried or burned (the fungus can produce spores even on dead wood).</li>
<li abp="226">Cankers on trunks cannot be pruned out but should be monitored. Because <em abp="227">Eutypella parasitica</em> is capable of causing wood decay, severely affected trees may be weakened and pose a risk of breaking and falling on property or people. </li>
<li abp="228">Contact a certified arborist to determine the stability of infected trees. </li>
<li abp="229">If healthy maples or other Acer spp. are located near a tree infected with Eutypella canker, it may be worthwhile to remove the infected tree to reduce the chances of pathogen spread. Spores of Eutypella parasitica are released from existing cankers and carried short distances by wind to infect new trees.</li>
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<a abp="704" href="http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/yard-garden/trees-shrubs/eutypella-canker/">http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/yard-garden/trees-shrubs/eutypella-canker/</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-43915399579660867062017-11-02T13:48:00.000-04:002017-11-03T07:43:57.662-04:00Town & Country Garden Club 'Awesome Auction': Nov. 8<div abp="188" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a abp="189" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhD26rrtEHej48UDlOn3ayN4sHMIqqwdKamxfcy8usb8eW61hqEeabgA1rvL1rH2Yh0fbXb9XQYrKyNjq15WAL-cGjmjEmG3ZGIIRlyz26uRjdCYYtx0Cy26Vi3dMTyPFvcQquO4fkncas/s1600/T%2526C+holidayshop.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img abp="190" border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="480" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhD26rrtEHej48UDlOn3ayN4sHMIqqwdKamxfcy8usb8eW61hqEeabgA1rvL1rH2Yh0fbXb9XQYrKyNjq15WAL-cGjmjEmG3ZGIIRlyz26uRjdCYYtx0Cy26Vi3dMTyPFvcQquO4fkncas/s400/T%2526C+holidayshop.jpg" width="300" /></a></div>
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<span abp="249" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span abp="250" style="font-size: large;">Let the Bidding Begin!</span></span></div>
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<span abp="251" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></div>
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<span abp="252" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><strong abp="253">Town & Country Garden Club</strong></span></div>
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<span abp="1602" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><strong abp="1603">16th Annual Awesome Auction</strong></span></div>
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<span abp="254" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span> </div>
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<span abp="1609" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Wednesday, Nov. 8, 2017</span></div>
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<span abp="1612" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">11-2 p.m. <span abp="1613" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(Social time starts at 10:30 a.m.)</span></span></div>
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<span abp="1616" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span> </div>
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<span abp="1619" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Hope Valley Country Club</span></div>
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<span abp="1622" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">3803 Dover Road, Durham, NC 27707 </span></div>
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<span abp="1625" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span> </div>
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<span abp="1628" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Luncheon now closed. </span><br />
<span abp="1628" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Stop by to bid and buy!</span></div>
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<span abp="258" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Silent Auction Items preview: </span><a abp="68" href="http://townandcountrygardenclubdurham.com/auction-items.html"><span abp="259" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">http://townandcountrygardenclubdurham.com/auction-items.html</span></a></div>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-59528780644795506322017-11-01T09:35:00.001-04:002017-11-01T09:36:36.664-04:00Poppy Seeds available for WWI Centennial by Hillsborough Garden Club<div abp="2396" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<img abp="2398" border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="489" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuLX-7Nnnz0Cl9u8gQrrxzUg90fR2b1xZSBjNZGDdS1ddOLxpFaRgcsQ5RpBp1YBgZ00huCJYm7c9B1bbbytM-9SKAYb_KFpYTcjOl7v-E3fKI4j9BoRKx5Kphbu9qjVg7HvnkQzpALbc/s640/Historic-Hillsborough-in-World-War-I-poster-textr-revised-3-489x600.jpg" width="520" /></div>
DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-78998645940477129062017-10-27T23:15:00.000-04:002017-11-01T09:33:05.499-04:00<table abp="2422" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody abp="2423">
<tr abp="2424"><td abp="2425" style="text-align: center;"><div abp="2426">
<a abp="2427" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikUpfMZRo714L8vZwsKTOq99DrINZiKC3f6nGXOYZHx3XLlZFMX10ZpXgx1y9csT8dC90dsuSIobTl-lPqgeW_EOIQQoUcDz67nd5q5JL5zMfJbXQOOIbf6x_dVJqlPr-gnYWkJztOPn0/s1600/Halloween2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="2428" border="0" data-original-height="850" data-original-width="1209" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikUpfMZRo714L8vZwsKTOq99DrINZiKC3f6nGXOYZHx3XLlZFMX10ZpXgx1y9csT8dC90dsuSIobTl-lPqgeW_EOIQQoUcDz67nd5q5JL5zMfJbXQOOIbf6x_dVJqlPr-gnYWkJztOPn0/s640/Halloween2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<tr abp="2429"><td abp="2430" class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div abp="2431">
<span abp="28" style="font-size: small;">Kirkland Family Cemetery of the Ayr Mount homestead, Hillsborough, NC. Photo by J.S. Corser, Editor, EMG.</span></div>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-50911833395007191672017-10-23T13:55:00.002-04:002017-10-23T14:09:14.436-04:00Highlights of the GCNC District 9 Meeting in Mebane<table abp="202" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody abp="203">
<tr abp="204"><td abp="205" style="text-align: center;"><a abp="206" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDiuCwJsA9IzXY553fiJ5MyJ57t3XfDlhHbTtCupkRlxO-AYb7nen4aqX2iOmPB3gZ7HFDIpS9rXmAANQDyI3IiVW9JMyL2htZ9oGpYGwl_BLI224TW5epg4K4cq3ILJ2iKP1WQopgk28/s1600/District9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="207" border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1515" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDiuCwJsA9IzXY553fiJ5MyJ57t3XfDlhHbTtCupkRlxO-AYb7nen4aqX2iOmPB3gZ7HFDIpS9rXmAANQDyI3IiVW9JMyL2htZ9oGpYGwl_BLI224TW5epg4K4cq3ILJ2iKP1WQopgk28/s640/District9.jpg" width="604" /></a></td></tr>
<tr abp="208"><td abp="209" class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span abp="210" style="font-size: small;">The Mebane Council of Garden Clubs hosted a rollicking 1930's-themed "In My Grandma's Garden" </span><br />
<span abp="210" style="font-size: small;">for the GCNC District 9 Annual Meeting.</span></td></tr>
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The District 9 of The Garden Club of North Carolina, Inc. met Oct. 18 for its annual meeting, "In My Grandmother's Garden" hosted by the Mebane Council of Garden Clubs. (District 9 includes all state-federated garden clubs in Alamance, Caswell, Durham, Granville, Orange, Person, Warren, and Vance counties.)</div>
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The Mebane Council put on a rollicking 1930-40's Grandma's Garden-themed meeting complete with granny aprons, antique gardening tools, autumn harvest decorations and a welcome from the Council President Linda Nunemaker's 1930s Willys-Overland Whippet parked outside the Mebane Arts Council Center. The silent auction also featured original paintings by artist and Gay Blades Garden Club member Carolyn Bell.</div>
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Among several District announcements at the meeting were the 2017 District 9 Yearbook Award Winners:</div>
<ul abp="25">
<li abp="26">Chapel Hill Garden Club – Elma K. Porter Bowden Yearbook Award #195</li>
<li abp="27">Hillsborough Garden Club -- Ethel Daughtridge Yearbook Award #196 </li>
<li abp="28">Roxboro Garden Study Club -- Catherine Williams Yearbook Award #197</li>
<li abp="29">Woodland Garden Club -- Rusty Van Pelt Yearbook Award #198 </li>
<li abp="30">Friendly Garden Club -- Beverly Shearon Yearbook Award #201</li>
</ul>
DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-91895676561077990402017-10-22T12:33:00.002-04:002017-10-22T12:36:33.955-04:00Pansy Particulars: a Growing Guide<table abp="193" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody abp="194">
<tr abp="195"><td abp="196" style="text-align: center;"><div abp="1289">
<a abp="197" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDkzo4Odg_yj40Abw61i88XiRRIk7qkOi2FIkYkb59kNx4tE44wNxaiSU3AquVC0-p2a3SAo9h6pMmRg-qDFhEns8g1ea_ku1da3XTLUhEzoplLp0oD6hlLrUAL_cBgITHhtyiU5Eeq00/s1600/Pansy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="198" border="0" data-original-height="225" data-original-width="300" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDkzo4Odg_yj40Abw61i88XiRRIk7qkOi2FIkYkb59kNx4tE44wNxaiSU3AquVC0-p2a3SAo9h6pMmRg-qDFhEns8g1ea_ku1da3XTLUhEzoplLp0oD6hlLrUAL_cBgITHhtyiU5Eeq00/s640/Pansy.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span abp="202" style="font-size: small;">See this handy guide from the University of GA Extension before putting in your mailbox pansies!</span></div>
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<div abp="1298">
<a abp="204" href="http://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=B1359"><span abp="205" style="font-size: small;">http://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=B1359</span></a></div>
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DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8395010269238256282.post-58330101946750588232017-10-22T11:47:00.003-04:002017-10-22T11:55:52.884-04:00The Seed Library Program at Durham County Library<table abp="2655" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody abp="2656">
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<a abp="2659" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuDhC5Mjdm1QKMJmxJPgoxiMusLJ22AgRH2Kv4UTIdk42-ndB1yf0yF7qoAtJ_NsoPtWNukFPslfD-vvRu2mItT67GADKeiST92-yimGLG3PNVq4LkDQrmdxtLHmhPugW-STvHBIIcWEQ/s1600/Library+Seeds.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img abp="2660" border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1227" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuDhC5Mjdm1QKMJmxJPgoxiMusLJ22AgRH2Kv4UTIdk42-ndB1yf0yF7qoAtJ_NsoPtWNukFPslfD-vvRu2mItT67GADKeiST92-yimGLG3PNVq4LkDQrmdxtLHmhPugW-STvHBIIcWEQ/s640/Library+Seeds.jpg" width="489" /></a></div>
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<span abp="2664" style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">Bring your winter crop seeds or find some for yourself <span abp="2666" style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">at your local Durham County Library.</span></span></div>
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<em abp="880">By Jenny Levine<br abp="881" />Humanities and Adult Programming Coordinator<br abp="882" /> Durham County Library</em></div>
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Maybe you have noticed the card catalogs that have popped up at several library locations? If not, take a look inside one the next time you are in the library! They are currently housed at North, South, East, Southwest and Main Libraries. Each patron can take up to four packets of seeds per season from the Seed Library catalogs to take home, grow and enjoy.</div>
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Available at these locations are a selection of vegetables, herbs and flowers. Thanks to generous donations from patrons, as well as our partners at SEEDS, we have enough seed packets for every gardener in the community. When we get low on seeds, we purchase them from Southern Exposure Seed Exchange in Virginia (<a abp="887" href="http://www.southernexposure.com/">http://www.southernexposure.com/</a>), or from our neighbors at Stone Brothers & Byrd. We have made every effort to offer a variety of organic seeds and are not currently accepting or offering hybrid seeds.</div>
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The Seed Library was started by Joanne Abel (now retired) in 2014. With the help of a great community of supporters, the Seed Library committee and the Durham Library Foundation, Joanne was able to purchase the card catalogs, seeds and supplies. Growing information is also available next to each catalog of seeds. Further assistance for the project was provided by our Library Webmaster, Matt Clobridge, who created a very useful website: <a abp="890" href="http://diggingdurham.org/">http://diggingdurham.org/</a>. At the site, users can find information on seed saving and planting. There is also a section where local gardeners can share stories about their heirloom seed varieties.</div>
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Along with the seed saving workshops, we have had the pleasure of hosting Mr. Craig LeHouiller, aka ‘The Tomato Man” for tomato plant giveaways! We hope to see him soon with his pickup truck full of great plants. If you have not started your garden yet, young plants can be a great way to get your garden growing. Spring and summer seeds are currently available, and fall seeds will arrive in the catalogs closer to September.</div>
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The long term hope for the seed library is that will someday be fully supported by donations from local growers. That way, all of our seeds will be tried and tested in local Durham soil! It will be wonderful to someday say that all of our stock was locally grown and supplied by local farmers. If you don’t know already how to save seeds for next season, check out diggindurham.org or the library for seed saving workshops.</div>
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For questions about the Seed Library and how it works, please contact Claudia Alemán at 919-560-0116.</div>
DurhamCouncilGChttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15039853868119471059noreply@blogger.com0